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Review
. 2024 Dec;45(4):785-795.
doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2024.08.001. Epub 2024 Sep 5.

Definitions of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Present Recommendations and Challenges

Dilip Jayasimhan  1 , Michael A Matthay  2
Affiliations
Review

Definitions of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Present Recommendations and Challenges

Dilip Jayasimhan et al. Clin Chest Med. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute inflammatory process resulting in diffuse lung injury precipitated by an underlying risk factor. However, current definitions may pose barriers to the accurate diagnosis of this syndrome. These include changes in risk factors and associated disease evolution of ARDS, changes in contemporary clinical practice, and access to diagnostic tools required to diagnose ARDS in resource-limited settings. A consensus conference has proposed changes for an expanded global definition of ARDS. In this review article, we review challenges in defining ARDS and present recommendations of the global definition of ARDS.

Keywords: ARDS; Critical illness syndromes; Definitions; ICU.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure Dr D. Jayasimhan has no disclosures or conflicts of interest to declare. Dr M A. Matthay reports National Institutes of Health, United States (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) grants for research and clinical trials in sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); Department of Defense, United States grant for a clinical trial of ARDS; Quantum Health for clinical trials; California Institute of Regenerative Medicine, United States for ARDS clinical trials; Roche-Genentech research grant to study ARDS; and consulting for ARDS with Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Pharmaceuticals, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals, Cellenkos Inc, Pliant Therapeutics, and CSL Behring.

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