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. 2024 Oct 23;16(4):e70029.
doi: 10.1002/dad2.70029. eCollection 2024 Oct-Dec.

ATN blood biomarkers are related to digital cognitive assessment in type 1 diabetes

Luciana Mascarenhas Fonseca  1   2 , Michal Schnaider Beeri  3 , Zoë W Hawks  4   5 , Lanee Jung  4   5 , Michael Cleveland  6 , Nikki Delgado  1 , Jane Bulger  7 , Elizabeth Grinspoon  4 , Kamille Janess  8 , Martin J Sliwinski  9   10 , Ruth S Weinstock  7 , Jasmeer P Chhatwal  11   12 , Pia Kivisäkk  11 , Laura Thi Germine  4   5 , Naomi S Chaytor  1
Affiliations

ATN blood biomarkers are related to digital cognitive assessment in type 1 diabetes

Luciana Mascarenhas Fonseca et al. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). .

Abstract

Introduction: Associations between amyloid-tau-neurodegeneration (ATN) plasma biomarkers and cognition have not been characterized in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: Using data from participants in the Glycemic Variability and Fluctuations in Cognitive Status in Adults with T1D (GluCog) study (N = 114), we evaluated associations between phosphorylated tau (pTau)181, pTau217, β-amyloid 42/40 ratio, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) and self-administered digital cognitive tests, adjusting for age, sex, education, comorbidities (e.g., kidney disease), and glycemic indices.

Results: Higher concentrations of pTau181 and GFAP were associated with slower responses on working memory tasks (pTau181: β = 0.261; p = 0.007; GFAP: β = 0.175, p = 0.036), and higher β-amyloid 42/40 ratio was associated with better vocabulary (β = 0.260, p = 0.009).

Discussion: Digital cognitive performance was associated with several ATN plasma biomarkers in T1D adults. Prospective studies are needed to understand the utility of these biomarkers in T1D.

Highlights: There is an increase in life expectancy for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Few studies investigate the relationship between T1D and neurodegeneration.We characterize the relation between ATN plasma biomarkers and cognitive function.Digital cognitive performance was associated with plasma biomarkers in T1D adults.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; cognition; plasma biomarkers; type 1 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

R.S.W. has participated in multicenter clinical trials, through her institution, sponsored by Tandem, Insulet, Eli Lilly, Diasome, Amgen, and MannKind, and received DexCom devices at reduced cost for use in clinical research. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to report. Author disclosures are available in the Supporting Information.

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