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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Oct 24;14(1):25210.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-75422-0.

Optimizing rehabilitation strategies in Parkinson's disease: a comparison of dual cognitive-walking treadmill training and single treadmill training

Yen-Po Lin  1 , I-I Lin  2 , Wei-Da Chiou  2   3 , Hsiu-Chen Chang  4 , Rou-Shayn Chen  5   6   7 , Chin-Song Lu  4 , Hsiao-Lung Chan  7   8 , Ya-Ju Chang  9   10   11
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Optimizing rehabilitation strategies in Parkinson's disease: a comparison of dual cognitive-walking treadmill training and single treadmill training

Yen-Po Lin et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Dual cognitive-walking treadmill training (DTT), designed to replicate real-life walking conditions, has shown promise effect in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aims to compare the effects of DTT versus single treadmill training (STT) on cognitive and walking performance under both single and dual task conditions, as well as on fall, patients' subjective feeling, and quality of life. Sixteen individuals with PD were randomly assigned to DTT or STT group and underwent 8 weeks of training. The DTT group received treadmill training with cognitive loads, while the STT group received treadmill training without cognitive load. Outcome measures included gait parameters (speed, step length) and cognitive performance (reaction time, accuracy, composite score) under both single and dual task conditions. Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-part III (UPDRS-III), Falls Efficacy Scale (FES), Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) were also measured. Both DTT and STT groups showed increased comfortable walking speed and step length. Only the DTT group demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive composite score under both single and dual task conditions, as well as UPDRS-III, FES, and PDQ-39(p < 0.05). DTT can enhance cognitive function without compromising walking ability and also have real-world transferability.

Keywords: Cognitive-walking dual task; Dual task treadmill; Gait; Parkinson’s disease; Treadmill training.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of participant enrollment.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The cognitive training paradigm for DTT group.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Comparison of the cognitive performance between DTT and STT group under single task test and dual task test conditions before pre, after 4 weeks, and post training. * significant difference with pre (p < .05). # DTT group showed significant difference with STT group (p < .05).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Comparison of the walking performance between DTT and STT group under single task test and dual task test conditions before pre, after 4 weeks, and post training. * significant difference with pre (p < .05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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