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. 2024 Oct 12;11(10):498.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci11100498.

Balance Assessment on a Modified Posturomed Platform in Healthy Dogs

Viola Wolszky  1   2 , Yury Zablotski  1 , Andrea Fischer  1 , Susanne Lauer  1
Affiliations

Balance Assessment on a Modified Posturomed Platform in Healthy Dogs

Viola Wolszky et al. Vet Sci. .

Abstract

Reliable, standardized balance tests for dogs are not available yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of static and dynamic posturography in healthy dogs. Healthy dogs (n = 20) were positioned with four paws longitudinally and with the forepaws only transversely on a modified pressure-sensitive balance platform (Posturomed-FDM-JS, Zebris, Isny, Germany). Three static and dynamic posturographic trials were recorded (recording duration: 20 s) and repeated after 7-14 days. Center of pressure (COP) parameters COP-path-length (PL; mm), 95% COP-confidence-ellipse-area (CEA; mm2), and COP-average-velocity (AV; mm/s) were calculated for the first steady-state 5 s intervals of each trial. The reliability of COP parameters was assessed with robust linear mixed effects models with nested random effects of patient and trial. The training effect was analyzed using Cohen's d. For static posturography, PL, CEA, and AV did not differ significantly between time points; CEA had the highest reliability (p = 0.92). For dynamic posturography, AV and PL differed significantly between time points (AV: p ≤ 0.043; PL: p ≤ 0.045). Slight training effects were observed for transverse positioning (Cohen's d: PL 0.65; AV 0.267) and moderate training effects for longitudinal positioning (Cohen's d: PL: 0.772; AV: 0.783). This study showed that static posturography on a modified Posturomed-balance platform was reliable in healthy dogs but indicated training effects during dynamic posturography.

Keywords: Posturomed; balance platform; canine; center of pressure; posturography.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Modified canine Posturomed platform.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a): Standing position in the longitudinal y-direction. The paws are oriented to be in each predetermined field to ensure as straight standing as possible. (b): Standing position in the transverse x-direction. Only the forepaws are placed on the platform; the hindpaws stand on the ground opposite to the deflection mechanism.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a): Errorbars indicate mean differences between time points 1 and 2 for the area of the 95% COP confidence ellipse for static (S), dynamic x-direction (Dx), and dynamic y-direction (Dy) conditions. (b): Errorbars indicating mean differences between time points 1 and 2 for the COP path length for static (S), dynamic x-direction (Dx), and dynamic y-direction (Dy) conditions. (c): Errorbars indicating mean differences between time points 1 and 2 for the COP velocity for static (S), dynamic x-direction (Dx), and dynamic y-direction (Dy) conditions.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a): Errorbars indicate mean differences between time points 1 and 2 for the area of the 95% COP confidence ellipse for static (S), dynamic x-direction (Dx), and dynamic y-direction (Dy) conditions. (b): Errorbars indicating mean differences between time points 1 and 2 for the COP path length for static (S), dynamic x-direction (Dx), and dynamic y-direction (Dy) conditions. (c): Errorbars indicating mean differences between time points 1 and 2 for the COP velocity for static (S), dynamic x-direction (Dx), and dynamic y-direction (Dy) conditions.
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