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. 2024 Oct 13;12(10):743.
doi: 10.3390/toxics12100743.

Regarding Bioanalysis Lasting a Few Minutes: Automated Cooling-SPME and Fast-GC for Urinary 2-Phenyl-2-Propanol Monitoring

Stefano Dugheri  1 , Niccolò Fanfani  1 , Giovanni Cappelli  1 , Antonio Marigliano  1 , Elisabetta Bucaletti  1 , Donato Squillaci  1 , Ilaria Rapi  1 , Lorenzo Venturini  1 , Giulia Pizzella  2 , Sara Manetta  2 , Alfonso Pavone  2 , Michele Secchi  3 , Iacopo Rainaldi  3 , Nicola Mucci  1
Affiliations

Regarding Bioanalysis Lasting a Few Minutes: Automated Cooling-SPME and Fast-GC for Urinary 2-Phenyl-2-Propanol Monitoring

Stefano Dugheri et al. Toxics. .

Abstract

An innovative SPME head space GC-MS method, in cooling mode, using a fully automated routine, was developed to detect 2-phenyl-2-propanol, a representative urinary metabolite of cumene. Following an acid hydrolysis and derivatization step with lowered quantities of reagents, acetic anhydride and pyridine, a 30 μm polydimethylsiloxane SPME fiber was used to sample derivatized 2-phenyl-2-propanol, such as benzenemethanol,α,α-dimethyl-acetate, from the headspace. Performances of the method, optimized through experimental design, provide an LOD of 0.034 mg/L and an LOQ 0.10 mg/L, with a short sampling time necessary per sample. The method, developed on standard solutions, will be applied to both occupationally exposed and non-exposed populations.

Keywords: 2-phenyl-2-propanol; GC–MS; SPME; cooling SPME; cumene; derivatization; full automation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Among the authors, Giulia Pizzella, Alfonso Pavone, Sara Manetta, Michele Secchi, and Iacopo Rainaldi are employed by Eni.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Autosampler for the fully automated determination of 2P2P.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Metabolites generated from cumene (a) exposure: 2-phenyl-1-propanol (b), 2-phenylpropionic acid (c), and 2-phenyl-2-propanol (d). Hydrolysis of 2P2P and 4-FPA ((e), IS) and subsequent derivatization with acetic anhydride in presence of pyridine, leading to the formation of BMDA (f) and 4-FPAA (IS derivative, (g)).
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) GAPI pictogram of the method described by Knecht; (b) GAPI pictogram of the method developed in this paper.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chromatogram obtained in our experimental conditions, displaying (a) BMDA and (b) 4-FPAA, for the 0.5 mg/L calibration level.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) Mass spectra of 4-FPAA; (b) BMDA.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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