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. 2024 Oct 18;29(20):4943.
doi: 10.3390/molecules29204943.

Vacuum-Assisted MonoTrapTM Extraction for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Profiling from Hot Mix Asphalt

Stefano Dugheri  1 , Giovanni Cappelli  1 , Niccolò Fanfani  1 , Donato Squillaci  1 , Ilaria Rapi  1 , Lorenzo Venturini  1 , Chiara Vita  2 , Riccardo Gori  3 , Piero Sirini  3 , Domenico Cipriano  4 , Mieczyslaw Sajewicz  5 , Nicola Mucci  1
Affiliations

Vacuum-Assisted MonoTrapTM Extraction for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Profiling from Hot Mix Asphalt

Stefano Dugheri et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

MonoTrapTM was introduced in 2009 as a novel miniaturized configuration for sorptive sampling. The method for the characterization of volatile organic compound (VOC) emission profiles from hot mix asphalt (HMA) consisted of a two-step procedure: the analytes, initially adsorbed into the coating in no vacuum- or vacuum-assistance mode, were then analyzed following an automated thermal desorption (TD) step. We took advantage of the theoretical formulation to reach some conclusions on the relationship between the physical characteristics of the monolithic material and uptake rates. A total of 35 odor-active volatile compounds, determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry analysis, contributed as key odor compounds for HMA, consisting mainly of aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones. Chemometric analysis revealed that MonoTrapTM RGC18-TD was the better coating in terms of peak area and equilibrium time. A comparison of performance showed that Vac/no-Vac ratios increased, about an order of magnitude, as the boiling point of target analytes increased. The innovative hybrid adsorbent of silica and graphite carbon monolith technology, having a large surface area bonded with octadecylsilane, showed effective adsorption capability, especially to polar compounds.

Keywords: gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; hot mix asphalt; monolithic material sorptive extraction; odor emission; under vacuum extraction; volatile organic compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author Domenico Cipriano is employed by the company Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chromatogram of the odorous compounds identified by GC-MS/O analysis and LTPRI. At the RT of 25.8 min—corresponding to tridecane—the cut-off marks the VOCs considered, as indicated by the blue dotted line.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Elaboration of the GC-O analysis of the four panelists; the data show the olfactory detections observed by each panelist (represented by different lines for each odor perceived) during the elution of the samples. Different colors are associated with different panelists.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Experimental domain reporting the areas under the peak area intensities obtained for the eight experiments for the 1-hexanal. In blue, experiment number eight is circled, which allows one to obtain the highest sensitivity.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Overlapping of the contour plots obtained for the model describing y1, peak areas of butanal. Blue lines describe the variables x1 vs. x2, and red lines describe the variable x1 vs. x3.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Overlapping of the contour plots obtained, computing variables x1 vs. x2 for the models of y2 (blue lines), y3 (red lines), and y4 (green lines).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Flow chart and image of xyz-autosampler for the automated Vac-HS-MonoTrapTM sampling on-line with GC-MS/O instrumentation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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