Abdominal Pain in Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management: A Narrative Review

Abstract

Abdominal pain is a major symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Given the evolving understanding of IBD pathology and management strategies, there is an urgent need to review the recent research findings. In this review, we have analyzed the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of abdominal pain in IBD over the past decade. We draw on the current literature and highlight emerging trends, challenges, and advances in this field. By synthesizing key findings, this review provides insights into the complex interplay between abdominal pain, disease progression, and therapeutic interventions for IBD.

Keywords: Abdominal pain; Crohn’s disease; Inflammatory bowel disease; Management; Pathophysiology; Ulcerative colitis.

Fig. 1

Pathophysiologic mechanisms of abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1); Acute inflammation and post-inflammation; Coexisting irritable bowel syndrome; Gut microbiota and metabolites

Fig. 2

Suggestions for pain management with pharmacological treatment, non-pharmacological treatment, and psychological intervention for abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)