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. 2024 Dec 12;187(25):7267-7284.e20.
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.09.046. Epub 2024 Oct 28.

Multiparameter imaging reveals clinically relevant cancer cell-stroma interaction dynamics in head and neck cancer

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Multiparameter imaging reveals clinically relevant cancer cell-stroma interaction dynamics in head and neck cancer

Karolina Punovuori et al. Cell. .
Free article

Abstract

Epithelial tumors are characterized by abundant inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, which complicates diagnostics and treatment. The contribution of cancer-stroma interactions to this heterogeneity is poorly understood. Here, we report a paradigm to quantify phenotypic diversity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with single-cell resolution. By combining cell-state markers with morphological features, we identify phenotypic signatures that correlate with clinical features, including metastasis and recurrence. Integration of tumor and stromal signatures reveals that partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) renders disease outcome highly sensitive to stromal composition, generating a strong prognostic and predictive signature. Spatial transcriptomics and subsequent analyses of cancer spheroid dynamics identify the cancer-associated fibroblast-pEMT axis as a nexus for intercompartmental signaling that reprograms pEMT cells into an invasive phenotype. Taken together, we establish a paradigm to identify clinically relevant tumor phenotypes and discover a cell-state-dependent interplay between stromal and epithelial compartments that drives cancer aggression.

Keywords: cancer; cancer biomarker; cancer stem cell; epithelial-to-mesenchyme-transition.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests K.P., F.B., Y.A.M., and S.A.W. are listed as inventors on a patent application related to this work, filed through the technology transfer office of the University of Helsinki, with UoH being the patent applicant.