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Review
. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2417554.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2417554. Epub 2024 Oct 30.

Pneumococcal serotype prevalence and antibiotic resistance in children in South and Southeast Asia, 2012-2024

Tzou-Yien Lin  1   2 , Cheng-Hsun Chiu  1   2 , Patrick Cy Woo  3 , Abdul Razak Muttalif  4 , Raja Dhar  5 , Leong Choon Kit  6 , Graciela Morales  7 , Egemen Ozbilgili  8
Affiliations
Review

Pneumococcal serotype prevalence and antibiotic resistance in children in South and Southeast Asia, 2012-2024

Tzou-Yien Lin et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. .

Abstract

This narrative review describes pneumococcal serotype prevalence for invasive disease and carriage and antibiotic resistance among specimens collected from children in countries across South and Southeast Asia from 2012 to 2024. Literature search retrieved 326 articles; 96 were included. The prevalence of pneumococcal serotypes varied geographically and over time after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Serotypes common in both pneumococcal carriage and disease were 6A, 6B, 14, 15B/15C, 19F, and 23F; serotypes 1, 3, 5, 19A, 15A, 10A, and 35B were also common in disease. Most of these serotypes are included in the 13-valent and 10-valent PCV. Carriage and disease isolates remained generally highly susceptible to vancomycin (mostly 100%) and levofloxacin (mostly >97%). These findings indicate that vaccine-preventable serotypes contribute significantly to pneumococcal disease burden in children in South and Southeast Asia. Consistency of national immunization programs with World Health Organization recommendations may reduce rates of pneumococcal disease in this region.

Keywords: Children; antibiotic resistance; invasive pneumococcal disease; pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; pneumococcal disease; serotype.

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Conflict of interest statement

Graciela Morales and Egemen Ozbilgili are employees of Pfizer and may hold stock or stock options. Tzou-Yien Lin, Raja Dhar and Leong Choon Kit report no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Serotypes covered by PCV7, PCV10, PCV13, PCV20, and PPSV23.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia included in the review, including the number of articles included for each country.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Rates of S. pneumoniae carriage and serotype prevalence in isolates from healthy children across countries in South and Southeast Asia.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Rates of S. pneumoniae carriage and serotype prevalence in isolates from children with pneumococcal disease across countries in South and Southeast Asia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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