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. 2024 Oct 23:110:1-33.
doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.110.132628. eCollection 2024.

Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals novel species and new records of Nigrograna (Nigrogranaceae) associated with medicinal plants in Southwestern China

Hong-Zhi Du  1   2   3 , Yu-Hang Lu  1   3 , Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon  3 , Jian-Kui Liu  1   3
Affiliations

Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals novel species and new records of Nigrograna (Nigrogranaceae) associated with medicinal plants in Southwestern China

Hong-Zhi Du et al. MycoKeys. .

Abstract

During a survey of saprobic fungal niches in Southwestern China, eighteen ascomycetous collections of Nigrograna (Nigrogranaceae, Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes) were found on dead branches of medicinal plants. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphological and culture characteristics, and phylogenetic analyses of a combined the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA (ITS), nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S, LSU), RNA polymerase second-largest subunit (rpb2), nuclear small subunit rDNA (18S, SSU), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1-α) sequence dataset also confirmed their placement. As a result, four novel species, namely Nigrogranacamelliae, N.guttulata, N.longiorostiolata and N.neriicola were described. Additionally, four new host records of N.acericola, N.magnoliae, N.oleae and N.thymi were introduced. Furthermore, this study addresses the taxonomic status of N.trachycarpi, proposing its synonymy under N.oleae. Detailed illustrations, descriptions and informative notes for each newly identified taxon and novel host record are provided in this study.

Keywords: 4 new taxa; Dothideomycetes; multi-locus; phylogeny; sexual morph; taxonomy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Phylogenetic tree constructed from maximum likelihood (RAxML) analyses of a combined ITS, LSU, rpb2, SSU, and tef1-α sequence data for selected genera within the family Nigrogranaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). Branches support for Maximum likelihood (MLBS) equal to or greater than 75% and Bayesian inference posterior probabilities (BIPP) equal to or greater than 0.95 are marked above or below nodes as MLBS/BIPP. The abbreviation T indicates the ex-type strain. Species names and culture collections in red are newly collected taxa and synonymized isolates. The tree was rooted with Occultibambusapustula (MFLUCC 11-0502) and O.bambusae (MFLUCC 13-0855).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Nigrogranamagnoliae (HUEST 23.0203, new host record) a host Buxussinicab branch of Buxussinicac–e appearance of ascomata on host surface f vertical section through ascoma g peridium h hamathecium i, j colonies on PDA, above (i) and below (j) k–o asci p asci in Congo red q–w ascospores. Scale bars: 100 µm (f); 20 µm (g, h, k–p); 10 µm (q–w).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Nigrogranalongiorostiolata (HKAS 131311, holotype) a host Citrusmedicab branch of Citrusmedicac–f appearance of ascomata on host surface g, h vertical section through ascoma i peridium j germinated ascospore k, l colony on PDA, above (k) and below (l) m hamathecium n–p, w–z asci q–v ascospores. Scale bars: 100 µm (g, h); 10 µm (i, j, m–p, w–z); 5 µm (q–v).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Nigrogranaacericola (HUEST 23.0208, new host record) a host Gymnosporiaacuminatab branch of Gymnosporiaacuminatac–e appearance of ascomata on host surface f vertical section through ascoma g peridium h hamathecium i, j colony on PDA, above (i) and below (j) k–o asci. p–u ascospores. Scale bars: 200 µm (f); 50 µm (g); 10 µm (h, p–u); 20 µm (k–o).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Nigrogranacamelliae (HKAS 131310, holotype) a host Camelliasinensisb branch of Camelliasinensisc–e appearance of ascomata on host surface f, g vertical section through ascoma h peridium i hairs on ascomata j–m, w, x asci n–s ascospores t germinated ascospore u, v colony on PDA, above (u) and below (v). Scale bars: 100 µm (f, g); 20 µm (h–m, w, x); 5 µm (n–s); 10 µm (t).
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Nigrogranaoleae (HUEST 23.0209, new host record) a host Ardisiacrenatab branch of Ardisiacrenatac–f appearance of ascomata on host surface g, h vertical section through ascoma i peridium j–l asci m–q ascospores r, s colony on PDA, above (r) and below (s). Scale bars: 100 µm (g, h); 20 µm (i−l); 10 µm (m–q).
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Nigrogranathymi (HUEST 23.0210, new host record) a host Huangtciarenifoliab branch of Huangtciarenifoliac–f appearance of ascomata on host surface g vertical section through ascoma h hairs on ascomata i peridium j hamathecium k–o asci p germinated ascospore q, r colony on PDA, above (q) and below (r) s–x ascospores. Scale bars: 100 µm (g); 20 µm (h, i, l–p); 10 µm (j, k, s–x).
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Nigrogrananeriicola (HKAS 131313, holotype) a host Neriumoleanderb branch of Neriumoleanderc–f appearance of ascomata on host surface g, h vertical section through ascoma i peridium j–n asci o–v ascospores w germinated ascospore x hamathecium y, z colony on PDA, above (y) and below (z). Scale bars: 200 µm (g, h); 100 µm (i); 20 µm (j–n, x); 5 µm (o–v); 10 µm (w).
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Nigrogranaguttulata (HKAS 131992, holotype) a host Camelliasinensisb branch of Camelliasinensisc–e appearance of ascomata on host surface f vertical section through ascoma g peridium h hamathecium i germinated ascospore j, k colony on PDA, above (j) and below (k) l–n, t asci o–s ascospores. Scale bars: 50 µm (f); 40 µm (g); 10 µm (h, i, l–n, t); 5 µm (o–s).
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