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. 2024 Oct 18:11:1412700.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1412700. eCollection 2024.

Exploring and comparing renal adverse effects between PARP inhibitors based on a real-world analysis of post-marketing surveillance data

Qiuyu Xu #  1 , Lin Jiang #  2 , Gang Chen  1 , Sanxi Ai  1 , Xiaohong Fan  1 , Gangan Wang  1 , Chunyu Jia  1 , Jiahui Wang  1 , Ke Zheng  1 , Bin Zhao  2 , Yan Qin  1 , Xuemei Li  1
Affiliations

Exploring and comparing renal adverse effects between PARP inhibitors based on a real-world analysis of post-marketing surveillance data

Qiuyu Xu et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Objective: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) are emerging targeted therapeutic agents in oncology, primarily indicated for ovarian and metastatic breast cancer. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been observed in patients undergoing PARPi treatment, while there is still a lack of comprehensive comparisons of AKI associated with different PARPis. Our study aimed to extensively characterize the renal adverse effects (RAEs) of PARPi using real-world data.

Methods: Disproportionality analysis and Bayesian analysis were employed for data mining to identify suspected RAE cases after different PARPis use within the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System from January 2004 to September 2023. The time to onset, fatality, and hospitalization rates of PARPi-related RAEs were also investigated.

Results: We identified 1,696 PARPi-related RAEs, predominantly affecting patients over 85 (56.31%). Veliparib exhibited a more pronounced association with RAEs compared to others, as indicated by the highest reporting odds ratio (ROR = 29.20, 95% CI = 8.79-96.97), proportional reporting ratio (PRR = 19.80, χ2 = 72.62), and empirical Bayes geometric mean (EBGM = 19.80, the lower 90% one-sided CI = 7.25). The median time to RAEs onset was 15 (interquartile range: 6-55.75) days following the initiation of PARPi therapy. PARPi-related RAEs generally led to a 28.15% hospitalization rate and a 4.34% fatality rate.

Conclusion: Although the majority present with reversible creatinine elevation, PARPi-related RAEs merits broader attention, given its potential for clinical consequences. We should strive to early identify those individuals who may have irreversible kidney damage. The focus should be directed toward monitoring renal function in individuals receiving PARPi, especially in senile people and those with a predisposition to AKI.

Keywords: adverse event reporting system; nephrotoxicity; onco-nephrology; ovarian cancer; renal function.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Process of the selection of cases of PARPi-associated acute kidney injury from the FAERS database.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Time to event onset of acute kidney injury following PARP inhibitor regimens.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The number of reports, hospitalization rates, and fatality rates for PARPi-associated acute kidney injury.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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