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. 2024 Oct 21;71(1):e1-e11.
doi: 10.4102/sajcd.v71i1.1047.

Brainstem auditory evoked responses: Objective hearing threshold assessment in Holstein cows

Alida Naudé  1 , Lize-Mari Erasmus, Liesl De Swardt, Juan Bornman, Este Van Marlé-Köster
Affiliations

Brainstem auditory evoked responses: Objective hearing threshold assessment in Holstein cows

Alida Naudé et al. S Afr J Commun Disord. .

Abstract

Background: Animal audiology utilizes brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER) as a non-invasive tool to assess hearing in animals, including Holstein dairy cows. Understanding cows' auditory capabilities is critical for their welfare, especially given their exposure to farm noise.

Objectives: This study provides preliminary normative BAER data for Holstein cows by focusing on absolute and interpeak wave latencies. The objective is to assess the impact of farm noise and expand audiologists' practice scope.

Method: Ten Holstein cows were tested using monoaural broadband click stimuli with contralateral masking. Earphones with foam ear tips were used to minimize environmental noise interference. The BAER responses were recorded via subdermal needle electrodes placed at standardized locations on the cows' heads. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics to determine auditory thresholds and wave latencies.

Results: The cows exhibited auditory thresholds at 90 dB SPL (55 dB nHL). Detailed wave and interpeak latencies were recorded at intensities from 85 to 105 dB SPL. At 90 dB SPL, the average latency for wave V was 5.17 ms, marking the auditory threshold for Holstein cows.

Conclusion: These findings provide key insights into the auditory sensitivity of Holstein cows, highlighting BAER's potential for monitoring auditory health and evaluating the effects of noise pollution on animal welfare. This research underscores the value of integrating animal audiology into the audiologist's scope, ultimately enhancing both animal welfare and farming sustainability.Contribution: This study adds to the limited literature on farm animal auditory health and suggests strategies to improve welfare through better auditory management.

Keywords: BAER, cattle; Holsteins cows; absolute wave latencies; animal audiology; auditory sensitivity; interpeak latencies.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Subdermal placement of needle electrodes for brainstem auditory evoked response recordings.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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