Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2024 Nov 4;14(1):26576.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76824-w.

Detection of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales and other Gram-negative bacilli recovered from hospital and municipal wastewater in Mexico City

Maria Magdalena Urzua-Abad  1   2 , Alejandra Aquino-Andrade  2 , Juan Arturo Castelan-Vega  3 , Jocelin Merida-Vieyra  2 , Rosa Maria Ribas-Aparicio  1 , Laura Belmont-Monroy  2 , Alicia Jimenez-Alberto  1 , Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores  4
Affiliations

Detection of carbapenemases in Enterobacterales and other Gram-negative bacilli recovered from hospital and municipal wastewater in Mexico City

Maria Magdalena Urzua-Abad et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Wastewater serves as a reservoir for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study revealed the presence of carbapenem-resistant and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), established clonal relationships among isolates in hospital and municipal wastewater, and identified a high-risk clone in municipal wastewater. A total of 63 isolates of GNB were obtained, with Enterobacterales being the most frequently isolated group (62%). Carbapenemase-producing Lelliottia amnigena, Kluyvera cryocrescens, and Shewanella putrefaciens isolates were documented for the first time in Mexico. The detectableted carbapenemase genes were blaKPC (55%), blaNDM (12%), blaVIM-2 (12%), blaOXA-48 (4%), blaGES (2%), blaNDM-1 (2%), and blaNDM-5 (2%). Clonal relationships were observed among Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter spp. isolates, and remarkably the high-risk clone Escherichia coli ST361, carrying blaNDM-5, was identified. This study demonstrates that wastewater harbours carbapenem-resistant and carbapenemase-producing bacteria, posing a public health threat that requires epidemiological surveillance.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Distribution of species obtained from hospital and municipal wastewater. The most frequent genera were Aeromonas and Klebsiella.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Dendrograms based on PFGE patterns after digestion of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. with XbaI. (a) Klebsiella spp. (b) Enterobacter spp.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance (2023). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antimicrobial-resistance
    1. Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: A systematic analysis. Lancet. 399, 629–655 (2022). - PMC - PubMed
    1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019 AR Threats Report. (2021). https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/biggest-threats.html
    1. Tompkins, K. & van Duin, D. Treatment for carbapenem-resistant enterobacterales infections: Recent advances and future directions. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.40, 2053–2068 (2021). 10.1007/s10096-021-04296-1 - PMC - PubMed
    1. Caliskan-Aydogan, O. & Alocilja, E. C. A review of carbapenem resistance in enterobacterales and its detection techniques. Microorganisms. 11, 1491 (2023). 10.3390/microorganisms11061491 - PMC - PubMed

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources