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Comparative Study
. 2025 May-Jun;12(4):306-312.
doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0477. Epub 2024 Nov 6.

Comparing Behavioral Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Questioning, and Heterosexual Middle School Students

Alena Kuhlemeier  1 , Daniel G Shattuck  2 , Cathleen E Willging  2 , Mary M Ramos  3
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Comparing Behavioral Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Questioning, and Heterosexual Middle School Students

Alena Kuhlemeier et al. LGBT Health. 2025 May-Jun.

Abstract

Purpose: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ) high schoolers experience high prevalence of poor behavioral health, but little is known about LGBQ middle schoolers. We sought to quantify behavioral health disparities of LGBQ middle school students. Methods: Using 2021 New Mexico Middle School Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey data (N = 12,400), we estimated the size of the LGBQ middle school population and calculated adjusted risk ratios to investigate behavioral health disparities between LGBQ and heterosexual youth. Results: A quarter of the sample identified as LGBQ. These youth reported significantly more suicidal behaviors and poorer mental health than heterosexual youth. LGBQ youth were more likely to use most substances compared with heterosexual youth. Conclusion: LGBQ middle school students demonstrated high prevalence of poor behavioral health. These findings show that disparities begin earlier than previously assumed and underscore that sociocultural landscapes for sexually diverse youth remain challenging.

Keywords: LGBQ youth; mental health; middle school; substance use.

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