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. 2024 Nov;10(6):e70071.
doi: 10.1002/vms3.70071.

First Isolation and Characterization of Feline Panleukopenia Virus From Wild Raccoon Dogs in the Residential Area of Shanghai, China

Chen Chen  1 , Jin Tao  1 , Ling Tang  1 , Tong Sun  2 , Zhuyun Sun  2 , Huan Xu  1 , Shuaitao Deng  1 , Cheng Xue  1 , Xing Ji  3 , Rui Wang  1 , Hongjun Chen  2
Affiliations

First Isolation and Characterization of Feline Panleukopenia Virus From Wild Raccoon Dogs in the Residential Area of Shanghai, China

Chen Chen et al. Vet Med Sci. 2024 Nov.

Abstract

Background: Carnivore parvovirus is commonly detected in canines and felines and results in a range of symptoms, including diarrhoea, with a high lethality rate. In recent years, the gradual restoration of urban ecosystems coupled with a lack of natural predators means that wild raccoon dogs have gradually entered residential neighbourhoods in Shanghai, and the carnivore parvovirus carried by such canines may seriously affect their health and that of dogs and cats in these neighbourhoods.

Objectives: Therefore, it is essential to monitor wild raccoon dogs for carnivore parvovirus.

Methods: The wild raccoon samples were collected from the residential area of Shanghai and screened for parvovirus, followed by virus isolation and sequence comparison analysis.

Results: In this study, three strains of parvovirus, YSH1-2022, YSH2-2022 and GSW1-2023, were isolated from anal and pharyngeal swab mixtures of 42 live raccoon dogs and two dead raccoon dogs in Shanghai, China. After alignment, it was found that the three strains of parvovirus were all located in the same branch as feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), and the three VP2 genes had 100% homology with FPV VP2 genes isolated from Shanghai and Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. The homology of the three NS1 genes with FPV NS1 isolated from Shanghai and other places was 99.9%-100%.

Conclusion: This is the first report of FPV isolated from raccoon dogs. In this study, the host range and risk of infection of parvovirus were evaluated, providing data to support wildlife management and policy formulation in Shanghai.

Keywords: feline panleukopenia virus; isolation; phylogenetic analysis; residential area; risk analysis; wild raccoon dogs.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Sampling distribution. Study area in Shanghai, located in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration (YRDUA). MH, Minhang district; PD, Pudong district; QP, Qingpu district; SJ, Songjiang district.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
PCR results of parvovirus. (A) Anal and pharyngeal swab mixtures collected in 2022; (B) anal and pharyngeal swab mixtures collected in 2023. M, marker; +, positive control; −, negative control.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Typical cytopathic effects (CPEs) of CRKF cells (10×). (A) Normal CRFK cells; (B) CRFK cells infected with YSH1‐2022; (C) CRFK cells infected with YSH2‐2022 and (D) CRFK cells infected with GSW1‐2023. CRFK, Crandell feline kidney.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Phylogenetic tree of VP2、NS1 gene sequences. (A) VP2 gene; (B) NS1 gene. FPV, feline panleukopenia virus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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