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Review
. 2024;20(14):795-806.
doi: 10.1080/14796678.2024.2419225. Epub 2024 Nov 8.

miRNAs in the diagnosis and therapy of cardiac and mediastinal tumors: a new dawn for cardio-oncology?

Francesco Loreni  1 , Antonio Nenna  1 , Francesco Nappi  2 , Chiara Ferrisi  1 , Camilla Chello  3 , Mario Lusini  1 , Bruno Vincenzi  4 , Giuseppe Tonini  4 , Massimo Chello  1
Affiliations
Review

miRNAs in the diagnosis and therapy of cardiac and mediastinal tumors: a new dawn for cardio-oncology?

Francesco Loreni et al. Future Cardiol. 2024.

Abstract

Dysfunctions in miRNA production have been recently investigated as predictors of neoplasms and their therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the available knowledge on miRNAs and cardiac tumors (such as myxoma) and mediastinal tumors (such as thymoma) and propose new avenues for future research. MiRNAs are crucial for cardiac development through the expression of cardiac transcription factors (miR-335-5p), hinder the cell cycle by modulating the activity of transcription factors (miR-126-3p, miR-320a), modulate the production of inflammatory factors such as interleukins (miR-217), and interfere with cell proliferation or apoptosis (miR-218, miR-634 and miR-122). Current and future research on miRNAs is essential, as a deep understanding could lead to a revolution in the field of diagnostics and prevention of neoplastic diseases.

Keywords: cardiac surgery; cardiac tumors; diagnosis; heart team; mesothelioma; miRNA; myxoma; prevention; thoracic surgery.

Plain language summary

[Box: see text].

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants or patents received or pending, or royalties.

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