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Review
. 2024 Aug 14;86(11):6665-6672.
doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000002458. eCollection 2024 Nov.

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes: an updated meta-analysis of RCTs

Agha M W Mirza  1 , Naiela E Almansouri  2 , Muhammad F Muslim  3 , Thahaseen Basheer  4 , Sree V Uppalapati  5 , Swati Lakra  6 , Hareem Fatima  7 , Arshiya Adhnon  8 , Ivo W Filho  9 , Ruqeyya Mahmood  10 , Mahendra Kumar  11 , Kamal Kandel  12 , Muhammad Ayyan  13
Affiliations
Review

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes: an updated meta-analysis of RCTs

Agha M W Mirza et al. Ann Med Surg (Lond). .

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods: After searching different databases, we retrieved and included randomized controlled trials on long-term supplementation of vitamin D (≥1-year intervention) and reporting cardiovascular outcomes. We calculated risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes.

Results: Compared to the control group, the vitamin D group was not associated with a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) [risk ratio=0.99; 95% CI: 0.94-1.03]. We found no difference between the vitamin D group and the control group for the outcomes of incidences of myocardial infarction, heart failure, coronary revascularization, cardiovascular death, and all-cause mortality. The heterogeneity was low for all outcomes.

Conclusion: According to our meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation did not reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, other cardiovascular parameters, and all-cause mortality.

Keywords: cardiology; cardioprotective; cardiovascular; cardiovascular events; meta-analysis; vitamin D.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA 2020 flow chart. Flow chart of included and excluded trials. PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Comparison of incidence of MACE between patients receiving vitamin D or control. IV, inverse variance. MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison of all-cause mortality between patients receiving vitamin D or control. IV, inverse variance.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Comparison of incidence of cardiovascular death between patients receiving vitamin D or control. IV, inverse variance.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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