Comparing the performance of a femoral shaft fracture fixation using implants with biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials

Abstract

Orthopedic injuries, such as femur shaft fractures, often require surgical intervention to promote healing and functional recovery. Metal plate implants are widely used due to their mechanical strength and biocompatibility. Biodegradable metal plate implants, including those made from magnesium, zinc, and iron alloys, offer distinct advantages over non-biodegradable materials like stainless steel, titanium, and cobalt alloys. Biodegradable implants gradually replace native bone tissue, reducing the need for additional surgeries and improving patient recovery. However, non-biodegradable implants remain popular due to their stability, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. This study focuses on designing an implant plate for treating transverse femoral shaft fractures during the walking cycle. The primary objective is to conduct a comprehensive finite element analysis (FEA) of a fractured femur's stabilization using various biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials. The study assesses the efficacy of different implant materials, discusses implant design, and identifies the optimal materials for femoral stabilization. Results indicate that magnesium alloy is superior among biodegradable materials, while titanium alloy is preferred among non-biodegradable options. The findings suggest that magnesium alloy is the recommended material for bone implants due to its advantages over non-degradable alternatives.

Keywords: Finite element analysis; biodegradable implant materials; femoral shaft fracture; stress shielding effect; total bone displacement; von Mises stress.