Chinese expert consensus on the management of hypertension in adults with type 2 diabetes

Xiaohui Pan¹, Hongbo He^{2

3}, Yuqian Bao⁴, Yan Bi⁵, Luyuan Chen^{6

7}, Xiaoping Chen⁸, Hui Fang⁹, Wenhuan Feng⁵, Ling Gao¹⁰, Lixin Guo^{11

12

13}, Yifang Guo¹⁴, Yaling Han^{15

16}, Qi Hua¹⁷, Nanfang Li¹⁸, Quanmin Li¹⁹, Yan Li^{20

21}, Yong Li²², Xialian Li²³, Jing Liu²⁴, Huijuan Ma²⁵, Jianjun Mu²⁶, Kailei Nong¹, Huiqian Shang²⁷, Yunfeng Shen²⁸, Zhongwei Shi²⁰, Fang Sun²⁹, Ningling Sun²⁴, Jun Tao³⁰, Jiguang Wang^{21

31}, Xinling Wang³², Jing Wu³³, Xinhua Xiao³⁴, Liangdi Xie³⁵, Jing Xu³⁶, Jing Xu³⁷, Hongying Ye³⁸, Dongni Yu¹¹, Hong Yuan³⁹, Huijie Zhang⁴⁰, Jian Zhang⁴¹, Lili Zhang⁴², Yuqing Zhang⁴³, Jiaqiang Zhou⁴⁴, Xinli Zhou⁴⁵, Dalong Zhu⁵, Tiehong Zhu⁴⁶, Sheyu Li¹, Zhiming Zhu^{2

3}; Diabetes and Obesity Research Group of Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS) and Chinese Hypertension League (CHL)

Affiliations

¹ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
² Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³ Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China.
⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
⁶ Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
⁷ Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China.
⁸ Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁹ Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, China.
¹⁰ Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
¹¹ Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.
¹² National Center of Geriatics and Gerotology, Beijing, China.
¹³ Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
¹⁴ Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
¹⁵ Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
¹⁶ Military Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Shenyang, China.
¹⁷ Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
¹⁸ Hypertension Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China.
¹⁹ Department of Endocrinology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China.
²⁰ Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
²¹ Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China.
²² Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
²³ Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
²⁴ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
²⁵ Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
²⁶ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
²⁷ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
²⁸ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
²⁹ Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Army Special Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³⁰ Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
³¹ Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
³² Department of endocrinology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China.
³³ Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
³⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China.
³⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
³⁶ Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, X''an, China.
³⁷ Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³⁸ Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
³⁹ Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
⁴⁰ Department of Endocrinology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴¹ Department of Encephalopathy, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, P.R. China.
⁴² Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
⁴³ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁴⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
⁴⁵ Department of endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
⁴⁶ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

PMID: 39529557
DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12655

Chinese expert consensus on the management of hypertension in adults with type 2 diabetes

Xiaohui Pan et al. J Evid Based Med. 2024 Dec.

. 2024 Dec;17(4):851-864.

doi: 10.1111/jebm.12655. Epub 2024 Nov 12.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
² Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³ Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing, China.
⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
⁵ Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
⁶ Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
⁷ Guangdong Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China.
⁸ Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁹ Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Tangshan, China.
¹⁰ Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
¹¹ Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.
¹² National Center of Geriatics and Gerotology, Beijing, China.
¹³ Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
¹⁴ Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China.
¹⁵ Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
¹⁶ Military Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute, Shenyang, China.
¹⁷ Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
¹⁸ Hypertension Diagnosis and Treatment Research Center, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China.
¹⁹ Department of Endocrinology, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China.
²⁰ Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
²¹ Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai, China.
²² Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
²³ Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
²⁴ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
²⁵ Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
²⁶ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
²⁷ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
²⁸ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
²⁹ Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Army Special Medical Center, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³⁰ Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
³¹ Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
³² Department of endocrinology, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Urumqi, China.
³³ Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
³⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China.
³⁵ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
³⁶ Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, X''an, China.
³⁷ Department of Endocrinology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³⁸ Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
³⁹ Department of Cardiology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
⁴⁰ Department of Endocrinology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴¹ Department of Encephalopathy, Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Wuhan, P.R. China.
⁴² Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
⁴³ Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁴⁴ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
⁴⁵ Department of endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
⁴⁶ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

PMID: 39529557
DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12655

Abstract

Both hypertension and type 2 diabetes are attributable to premature death, cardiovascular and kidney diseases with largely overlapping population. Followed the GRADE approach, this expert consensus aimed to reduce the cardiovascular and kidney death and disability due to hypertension and minimize the treatment burden in adults with type 2 diabetes. Through online survey and discussion, a multidisciplinary team comprehensively prioritized seven key guideline questions. Informed by the evidence synthesis and online discussion, the team developed 12 recommendations under the GRADE Evidence-to-decision (EtD) framework. The recommendations covered the screening of hypertension in adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes but not hypertension and the monitoring, lifestyle interventions, and medications in those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.

Keywords: anti‐hypertensive treatment; blood pressure monitor; hypertension; screening for hypertension; type 2 diabetes.

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References

REFERENCES

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1. Li Y, Teng D, Shi X, et al. Prevalence of diabetes recorded in mainland China using 2018 diagnostic criteria from the American Diabetes Association: national cross sectional study. BMJ. 2020;369:m997.
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Chinese expert consensus on the management of hypertension in adults with type 2 diabetes

Affiliations

Chinese expert consensus on the management of hypertension in adults with type 2 diabetes

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