Induction of Labor: A Narrative Review on Cost Efficiency in Maternity Care

Abstract

The clinical and financial implications of induction of labor (IOL) in comparison to elective cesarean sections and expectant management are examined in this review. IOL is frequently used to avoid complications such as hypertensive disorders and stillbirth, but is can be expensive, particularly if a failed induction is followed by a cesarean. The cost-effectiveness of IOL varies based on factors such as gestational age, maternal obesity, and prior cesareans. Misoprostol has proven to be a more cost-effective induction method than oxytocin, with higher success rates for vaginal delivery and shorter hospital stays. However, spontaneous labor remains the most cost-efficient option, requiring fewer interventions and reducing costs. Membrane sweeping is one alternative that reduces costs and promotes unplanned labor. Although high-risk situations may necessitate elective IOL, routine use of these devices without a medical necessity raises expenditures without enhancing outcomes. It is recommended that healthcare professionals implement careful labor management techniques, utilizing cost-effective approaches whenever feasible, particularly in resource-limited settings. More randomized trials are required to evaluate the long-term effects of IOL on costs and health, thus shaping future labor management strategies.

Keywords: cesarean section; cost-efficiency; healthcare management; labor induction; maternity care; vaginal delivery.