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. 2024 Nov 12;17(1):335.
doi: 10.1186/s13104-024-06987-2.

Characterization of genetic resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

Yue Wu  1 , Hideki Hirakawa  2 , Chikara Masuta  3 , Yasuyuki Onodera  4
Affiliations

Characterization of genetic resistance to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

Yue Wu et al. BMC Res Notes. .

Abstract

Objective: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a significant pathogen causing quality loss in spinach. Although host genetic resistance is the primary method of managing CMV infection in this crop, CMV resistance genes are not widely utilized in spinach breeding programs as the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying resistance are not yet fully understood. CMV infections were therefore studied in different lines of spinach plants, and their progeny, to develop a model of the genetic basis of CMV resistance.

Results: Visual observations and RT-PCR assays revealed that three monoecious lines (03-258, 03-263, and 03-336) were susceptible to CMV, while three traditional resistant cultivars and a near-isogenic line (NIL-M) exhibited resistance. A dioecious line (03-009) consisted of susceptible and resistant plants. Notably, resistant plants did not exhibit the lesions typical of the hypersensitive response. Genetic analysis of progeny from the cross NIL-M × 03-336 indicated that a single dominant allele (designated SRCm1, standing for Spinach Resistance to CMV 1) controlled CMV resistance; analysis of sib-cross progeny populations derived from line 03-009 supported this conclusion. These results offer a valuable model for CMV resistance in spinach and will enhance future breeding programs.

Keywords: Spinacia oleracea; Cucumber mosaic virus; Extreme resistance; Hypersensitive resistance; Spinach.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declarations Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable for this study. Consent for publication Not applicable. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Representative images of plants inoculated with CMV-Y and of RT-PCR analyses to detect CMV-Y infections. (a-b) Plants from NIL-M and line 03-336 at 8 days post-inoculation (dpi). (c) Plants from NIL-M, line 03-336, and line 03–009 at 15 dpi. (d) RT-PCR analysis of CMV-Y infections in NIL-M and line 03-336. (e) F1 plants from line 03-336 and NIL-M at 11 dpi. Arrows indicate physical damage caused by rub-inoculation. (f) RT-PCR analysis of CMV-Y infections in F1 plants. (g) F2 progeny derived from plants shown in (e) at 14 dpi. (h) RT-PCR analysis of CMV-Y infections in F2 progeny derived from plants shown in (e). GAPDH was amplified as a positive control in RT-PCR analyses (d, f, h). R: resistant (asymptomatic); S: susceptible (symptomatic); M: mock-inoculation control; I: inoculated
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