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. 2024 Oct 30:11:1463342.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1463342. eCollection 2024.

Micro RNA profiles in colostrum exosomes obtained from primiparous or multiparous dairy cows

Marta Terré  1 , Anna Arís  1 , Elena Garcia-Fruitós  1 , Francesc Fàbregas  1 , Alex Bach  2   3
Affiliations

Micro RNA profiles in colostrum exosomes obtained from primiparous or multiparous dairy cows

Marta Terré et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Abstract

Colostrum is rich in membranous vesicles of endocytic origin named exosomes, with proteins, lipids, RNA, and/or DNA cargos which can play different roles in physiological processes. Like other colostrum bioactive compounds, exosomes could be also influenced by individual characteristics. The objective of the study was to characterize miRNA cargo of colostrum exosomes from primiparous and multiparous cows in different farms. Twenty-seven colostrum samples of clinically healthy Holstein cows (11 primiparous and 16 multiparous) from 3 different farms were obtained and frozen. After thawing, exosomes were isolated following an ultracentrifugation protocol, and characterized morphologically. Particle size distribution and western immunoblotting were also analyzMaed. After RNA extraction, miRNAs were sequenced and analyzed to assess potential differences in profiles between primiparous and multiparous cows from different farms. Fourteen miRNA were upregulated and 11 miRNAs downregulated in primiparous compared with multiparous cows. Most of the miRNA differences between primiparous and multiparous cows regulate the gene expression of factors involved in mammary gland development and differentiation, and lipogenesis. In addition, miRNAs from one of the farms showed 8 miRNAs downregulated and 12 upregulated compared with the other 2 farms, independently of parity. Differences in miRNA between farms were mainly associated with immune and inflammatory-related genes. In conclusion, miRNA cargos of bovine colostrum exosomes differ in primiparous and multiparous cows, and some on-farm practices might also determine the content and activity of miRNA in colostrum exosomes.

Keywords: colostrum; dairy cow; exosome; miRNA; parity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bovine colostrum exosomes visualized by CryoTEM.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Examples of nanoparticles size distribution of isolated exomes samples from primiparous cows in Farm I (a), Farm 2 (b), and Farm 3 (c).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Western blot analyses of the presence of two exosome markers (Alix and MFGE8) in samples of either primiparous or multiparous cows of the 3 farms included in the study. Positive control corresponds to commercial purified exosomes from bovine milk (Lyophilized Exosome Standards, Creative Biolabs).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Principal Component Analysis plot of miRNA of exomes isolated from colostrum bovine samples from primiparous (parity l) and multiparous (parity 2) cows from three different dairy farms. Parity 2 includes parities from 2 to 4 lactations (animal ID of 2 lactations: 510, 6,129, 6,131, 6,598, 7,404, 10,000, 10,640, animal ID of 3 lactations: 462, 464, 471, 5,683, 7,215, animal ID of4 lactations: 402, 3,055, 5,036, 17,224).
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