Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2025 Jan;80(1):346-348.
doi: 10.1111/all.16383. Epub 2024 Nov 16.

Tracing the evolutionary pathway of IgG4: Implications for immune tolerance and regulation

Huseyn Babayev  1 , Ali Sahin  2 , Sena Ardicli  1   3 , Mubeccel Akdis  1 , Cezmi A Akdis  1
Affiliations

Tracing the evolutionary pathway of IgG4: Implications for immune tolerance and regulation

Huseyn Babayev et al. Allergy. 2025 Jan.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no relevant conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Comparative genetic analysis of immunoglobulin heavy chains in great apes. (A) Schematic of a generic IGH locus indicating a duplication event. Identity percentages of (B) IgG4 protein sequences and (C) IGHG4 genes among species in comparison to other human immunoglobulin sequences. (D) The distribution of lengths of repeat regions, which are essential in the class switch mechanism and phylogenetic tree for analyzed species.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Schematic representation of IgG4 structural evolution and functional implications. The serine residue in the hinge region caused Fab‐arm exchange in IgG4s in the Homo‐Pan common ancestor. In addition, changes in key amino acids in the lower hinge region, BC loop, and FG loop (see glossary) reduced binding to Fcγ receptors and C1q interacting with these regions.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Rispens T, Huijbers MG. The unique properties of IgG4 and its roles in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2023;23(11):763‐778. doi:10.1038/s41577-023-00871-z - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Akdis CA, Akdis M, Boyd SD, Sampath V, Galli SJ, Nadeau KC. Allergy: mechanistic insights into new methods of prevention and therapy. Sci Transl Med. 2023;15(679):eadd2563. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.add2563 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Cevhertas L, Ma S, Stanic B, et al. IL‐10 induces IgG4 production in NOD‐scid Il2rγnull mice humanized by engraftment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Allergy. 2021;76(11):3525‐3529. doi:10.1111/all.15031 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. van de Veen W, Globinska A, Jansen K, et al. A novel proangiogenic B cell subset is increased in cancer and chronic inflammation. Sci Adv. 2020;6(20):eaaz3559. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz3559 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. van de Veen W, Stanic B, Yaman G, et al. IgG4 production is confined to human IL‐10–producing regulatory B cells that suppress antigen‐specific immune responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013;131(4):1204‐1212. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.01.014 - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources