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. 2024 Nov 1:15:1466394.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1466394. eCollection 2024.

Allele frequencies and genotype distribution of three metformin transporter polymorphisms in Mexican population and their application in pharmacogenomics of type 2 diabetes

Oscar I Chávez-Arreola  1 , Brissia Lazalde  2 , Marisol López-López  3 , Alberto Ortega-Vázquez  1   3 , Quitzia L Torres-Salazar  2
Affiliations

Allele frequencies and genotype distribution of three metformin transporter polymorphisms in Mexican population and their application in pharmacogenomics of type 2 diabetes

Oscar I Chávez-Arreola et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Background: Metformin is the first-line antidiabetic therapy for type 2 diabetes in Mexico, despite recent recommendations highlighting alternatives like GLP-1 receptor agonists for individuals with obesity. Metformin elimination is reliant on liver and kidney function, and variants in transport proteins such as Multidrug and Toxin Extrusion Protein 1 (MATE1), MATE2, and Organic Cation Transporter 2 (OCT2) can influence its pharmacokinetics. Understanding these variants' frequencies in the Mexican population is crucial for tailoring personalized treatment strategies.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the genotypic and allelic frequencies of key variants in metformin transporters within a Mexican population, addressing the interindividual variability in drug response.

Methodology: Genetic analysis was conducted on 101 healthy, unrelated Mexican subjects who were genotyped for the MATE1, MATE2, and OCT2 variants using allele-specific real-time PCR assays.

Results: The allele frequencies were 0.07 for OCT2, 0.23 for MATE1, and 0.67 for MATE2. The g.-66T→C variant was found only in wild-type and heterozygous forms. Comparative analysis indicated significant differences in allele frequencies between this Mexican population and other ethnic groups, highlighting potential implications for metformin efficacy and safety.

Conclusion: This study provides crucial insights into the genetic variability of metformin transporter genes in a Mexican population, offering a foundation for personalized therapeutic approaches in type 2 diabetes management.

Keywords: MATE1; MATE2; Oct2; genotyping; metformin; transporters.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
(A) Location of SLC22A2. (B) Location of SLC47A1 y SLC47A2.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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