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. 2024 Oct 24;6(4):100408.
doi: 10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100408. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Assessing the state of infection prevention and control in cameroon: a cross-sectional workshop evaluation using socioecological models

Boris Arnaud Kouomogne Nteungue  1   2 , Erick Tandi  3   4   5 , Jeffrey Campbell  6 , Chanceline Bilounga Ndongo  7   8 , Bissouma-Ledjou Tania  9 , Alphonse Acho  1   10 , Dieudonnée Reine Ndougou  11 , Reverien Habimana  12 , Ambomo Sylvie Myriam  11 , Bertolt Brecht Kouam Nteungue  13 , Oyono Yannick  13 , Louis Joss Bitang  14 , Georges Alain Etoundi Mballa  7   15 , Yap Boum  15   16
Affiliations

Assessing the state of infection prevention and control in cameroon: a cross-sectional workshop evaluation using socioecological models

Boris Arnaud Kouomogne Nteungue et al. Infect Prev Pract. .

Abstract

Objectives: Infection prevention and control (IPC) contributes to the reduction of healthcare associated infections. Notwithstanding the global attention with available guidelines and tools, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) still struggle to put into place effective IPC programmes. Here, we use a socioecological approach to summarize the findings of a recent workshop on the implementation of IPC activities in Cameroon.

Study design: We conducted a cross-sectional study on the assessment of the IPC in Cameroon.

Methods: Experts and key stakeholders involved in IPC in Cameroon evaluated the implementation of infection prevention and control during a 4-day workshop. Detailed summaries of workshop discussions and recommendations were created. Data were clustered into themes guided by the WHO core component of IPC. Results were analyzed using the socioecological model of Bronfenbrenner, McLeroy and the theory of Grol and Wensing on successful implementation of practices in healthcare settings.

Results: Cameroon does not have an effective IPC programme in place but has developed some areas of the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC core components across the guideline level, the individual level, the organizational level, and the political level.

Conclusion: Cameroon is still far from the norms and standards laid out by the WHO. The evidence generated from the current analysis should contribute to improve policies and strategies towards an effective IPC programme in Cameroon and other LMICs.

Keywords: Healthcare associated infection; IPC core components; IPC programme; Infection prevention control; Minimum requirements; Socioecological model.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The WHO questionnaire on Minimum Requirements [21].
Figure 2
Figure 2
The conceptual framework of barriers, enablers and interventions aiming at improving IPC in Cameroon, informed by selected theories and adapted to the results of our analysis. This framework includes the guideline level (light orange), the individual level (yellow), the organizational level (light blue) and the political and economic level (light pink). The division was adaptation of the socioecological model of Bronfenbrenner and McLeroy and theories of Groll and Wensing [[16], [17], [18]].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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