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. 2024 Sep 15;17(3):97-113.
doi: 10.11621/pir.2024.0307. eCollection 2024.

Development and Psychometric Properties of Coping Scales towards Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment, Heart-healthy Eating and Cardiovascular Physical Exercise

Jessica Berenice Flores-Mendoza  1 , Mirna García Méndez  1 , Andrea Bravo Doddoli  2 , Rolando Díaz-Loving  2
Affiliations

Development and Psychometric Properties of Coping Scales towards Adherence to Pharmacological Treatment, Heart-healthy Eating and Cardiovascular Physical Exercise

Jessica Berenice Flores-Mendoza et al. Psychol Russ. .

Abstract

Background: Coping, within Lazarus transactional theoretical framework, is conceptualized as a dynamic set of cognitive and behavioral processes that adapt continually to manage specific demands, whether internal or external, perceived as exceeding an individual's available resources. This framework supports understanding healthy coping behaviors, especially regarding adherence to treatment in cardiovascular disease management.

Objective: Develop and validate coping scales designed to assess adherence to pharmacological treatment, heart-healthy eating, and cardiovascular physical exercise in mexican patients diagnosed with ischemic heart disease.

Design: The research employed both qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) methodologies to ensure robustness. The coping scales underwent rigorous testing, including exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which revealed a two-factor solution for medication adherence coping, a three factors solution for physical exercise adherence coping, and a three factors solution for healthy eating adherence coping.

Results: The findings suggest that coping strategies, although universal in nature, are sensitive to cultural nuances among patients with ischemic heart disease. By capturing the complexities of coping behaviors within a specific cultural context, these scales provide valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of adherence to primary prevention measures.

Conclusion: This study contributes to the understanding of how coping mechanisms intersect with cultural factors in the management of chronic conditions such as ischemic heart disease, highlighting the importance of tailored interventions that consider patients cultural backgrounds and individual coping styles.

Keywords: cardiovascular psysical exercise; coping; heart-healthy eating; medication; psychometrics; therapeutic adherence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of the Coping Scale model for Adherence to Cardiovascular Pharmacological Treatment
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of the Coping Scale for Adherence to Cardiovascular Physical Exercise model
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of the Coping Scale for Adherence to Heart-Healthy Eating
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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