Use of injectable vitamin E and selenium-vitamin E emulsion in ewes and suckling lambs to prevent nutritional muscular dystrophy

Abstract

Forty-eight Blackbelly X Dorset, 27 Finnish, 26 Finnish X Dorset, 28 Rambouillet and 8 Dorset Suffolk-sired lambs were used in this experiment. Three weeks before lambing, one-half of the ewes received a selenium emulsion (Se-E) containing .05 mg selenium and 3.7 IU of vitamin E/kg body weight (BW). A 2 X 3 X 2 factorial arrangement was used; lambs from either treated or nontreated ewes were randomly assigned irrespective of breed to one of six treatment combinations consisting of 0 or .025 mg/kg BW selenium (Se) injected at birth or two .025 mg/kg BW Se injections, one at birth and one 2 to 3 wk later, and two levels of injectable Vitamin E (E; 0 and 100 IU) given at birth. Both lambs and ewes were provided access to 75% concentrate diets supplemented with Se and E at recommended NRC levels. Plasma activity of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) was highest at 1 d of age and exhibited decreases (P less than .001) over time. In lambs, the E injection tended to decrease plasma activity of CPK. Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity was lowest at 1 d of age and increased over the course of the experiment but was unaffected by treatments (P less than .05). Plasma tocopherol concentration decreased (P less than .01) with time, with E therapy tending to increase tocopherol concentration. Differences in mean plasma tocopherol concentrations among breeds were also observed (P less than .01). Selenium concentration increased over time and with the E injection (P less than .01). An interaction between ewe and lamb Se-E treatments also was observed (P less than .10), with nontreated lambs from nontreated ewes exhibiting lower Se concentrations than treated lambs from injected ewes. An increase in lamb plasma Se concentration was noted in response to Se-E treatments (P less than .001). In the ewes, plasma tocopherol concentration was lower while Se concentration was higher at 18 d than at 1 d postpartum (P less than .01 and P less than .001, respectively). Milk Se concentration was lower at 18 d than at 1 d (P less than .001) and was higher (P less than .10) in Se-E-treated ewes.