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. 2025 Mar:278:114416.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114416. Epub 2024 Nov 22.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring among Infants Born Very Preterm: Evidence for Accuracy in Neonatal Intensive Care

Jacopo Bonet  1 , Silvia Guiducci  2 , Giulia Res  2 , Sabrina Brigadoi  3 , Sarbattama Sen  4 , Paolo Montaldo  5 , Elena Priante  2 , Nicola Santoro  6 , Daniele Trevisanuto  2 , Eugenio Baraldi  7 , Chiara Dalla Man  1 , Alfonso Galderisi  8
Affiliations

Continuous Glucose Monitoring among Infants Born Very Preterm: Evidence for Accuracy in Neonatal Intensive Care

Jacopo Bonet et al. J Pediatr. 2025 Mar.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a device for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) among infants born preterm admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Study design: We analyzed paired CGM sensor glucose (SG) and point-of-care blood glucose (BG) measurements collected in infants born at ≤32 weeks of gestation or with a birth weight ≤1500 g. CGM was initiated within 48 hours from birth and maintained for 5 days. BG was performed every 12 hours and used to calibrate the sensor. Measures of CGM accuracy were computed from SG and BG pairs.

Results: We included 501 SG-BG paired measurements from 51 infants (age 30.5 weeks [IQR 29.0-31.0 weeks], birth weight 1400 g [IQR 1100-1500 g] with at least 24 hours of CGM data. The mean absolute relative difference (MARD) between SG and point-of-care BG measures was 7.1% [IQR 5.6-9.3], corresponding to a difference of -5.6 mg/dL [95% CI -25 to +14 mg/dl]. The median sensor use was 96 hours [IQR 72-120] with 2.0 [IQR 1.7-2.4] calibrations per day.

Conclusions: Accuracy of SG measurements compared with BG measurements appears to be acceptable in a clinical study setting, with a negligible difference between SG and BG. Our data suggest that SG use may be clinically acceptable when the sensor is regularly calibrated.

Keywords: CGM; glucose monitoring; preterm infants.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest This work was supported by the Institute for Pediatric Research (IRP, Padova, Italy) Starting Grant 2020 (to A.G.), University of Padova Stars Grant 2017 C96C18001930005 (to S.B.) and the Italian Ministry of Health grant GR-RF 2019-12368539 (to A.G.). The content of this manuscript only expresses the vision and data interpretation of the Authors and no commercial partner, or third party, was involved in the study design, conduct or in the redaction and revision of the manuscript. The authors declare no conflict of interest.