Surgical strategies in Ebstein anomaly: 28 years' experience in a pediatric hospital
- PMID: 39591595
- PMCID: PMC12148547
- DOI: 10.24875/ACM.23000203
Surgical strategies in Ebstein anomaly: 28 years' experience in a pediatric hospital
Abstract
Objectives: Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital defect characterized by a lack of delamination and apical displacement of the tricuspid valve, tricuspid insufficiency, right atrial enlargement, and ventricular dysfunction. To analyze the results and evolution of the different surgical strategies, data were collected from 45 patients operated on during 1990-2018. Twenty-six patients were included with a median age at initial surgery of 11.3 years (range: 13 days-18.6 years).
Method: Procedures were plastic 10 patients (38%), cone technique reconstruction 11 (42%), and replacement 5 (19%). Additional interventions were required in 7 patients: cavo-pulmonary anastomosis 4 and Cox-maze 4. Nine patients (34.6%) required reoperation due to severe tricuspid insufficiency. Six had previous plastic, two bioprothesis, and one, cone.
Results: Overall mortality was 11.5% (3) at a median of 10.1 years post-surgery (range: 5.7-10.12) associated with arrhythmias (p = 0.05), right (p = 0.008), left (p = 0.0001) ventricular dysfunction and reoperations (p = 0.03). None were previous conus. Median follow-up was 6.5 years (range: 1-29.1). Ninety-one-point-six percent were in functional class I/II and 79.2% in sinus rhythm.
Conclusions: The results of the different classic techniques were similar, although not free of complications and reoperations. Cone reconstruction proved to be effective, with low surgical mortality, less need for reoperations, and durability in the medium term.
Objetivos: La anomalía de Ebstein es un defecto congénito caracterizado por falta de deslaminación y desplazamiento apical de la válvula tricúspide, insuficiencia tricúspidea, agrandamiento auricular derecho y disfunción ventricular. Con el propósito de analizar los resultados y evolución de las distintas estrategias quirúrgicas se recolectaron datos de 45 operados durante 1990-2018. Se incluyeron 26 pacientes con una edad mediana en la cirugía inicial de 11.3 años (rango: 13 días-18.6 años).
Método: Los procedimientos fueron plastia 10 pacientes (38%), reconstrucción con técnica del cono 11 (42%) y reemplazo 5 (19%). Requirieron intervenciones adicionales 7 pacientes: anastomosis cavo-pulmonar 4 y Cox-maze 4. El 34.6% (9) requirió reoperación por insuficiencia tricúspidea importante. Presentaban plastia previa seis, bioprótesis dos y cono, uno.
Resultados: La mortalidad global fue del 11.5% (3 pacientes) a una media de 10.1 años posquirúrgicos (rango: 5.7-10.12) asociada a arritmias (p = 0.05), disfunción ventricular derecha (p = 0.008), izquierda (p = 0.0001) y reoperaciones (p = 0.03). Ninguno fue cono previo. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 6.5 años (rango: 1-29.1). El 91.6% se encontraban en clase funcional I/II y el 79.2% en ritmo sinusal.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de las diferentes técnicas clásicas fueron similares aunque no exentas de complicaciones y reoperaciones. La reconstrucción del cono resultó ser efectiva, de baja mortalidad quirúrgica, menor requerimiento de reoperaciones y duradera en el mediano plazo.
Keywords: Cirugía; Cirugía de cono; Cone reconstruction; Ebstein; Ebstein’s; Plastia tricuspídea; Plastic surgery; Surgery.
Copyright: © 2024 Permanyer.
Conflict of interest statement
Los autores declaran no tener conflicto de intereses.
Figures


References
-
- Ebstein W. On very rare case of insufficiency of tricuspid valve caused by a congenital severe deformity. Arch Anat Physiol Wiss Med. 1866;7:238–54.
-
- Attenhofer Jost CH, Connolly HM, Edwards WD, Hayes D, Warnes CA, Danielson GK. Ebstein's anomaly-review of a multifaceted congenital cardiac condition. Swiss Med Wkly. 2005;135(19-20):269–81. - PubMed
-
- Dearani JA, Mora BN, Nelson TJ, Haile DT, O'Leary PW. Ebstein anomaly review:what's now, what's next? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2015;13(10):1101–9. - PubMed
-
- Attenhofer Jost CH, Connolly HM, O'Leary PW, Warnes CA, Tajik AJ, Seward JB. Left heart lesions in patients with Ebstein anomaly. Mayo Clin Proc. 2005;80(3):361–8. - PubMed
-
- Postma AV, van Engelen K, van de Meerakker J, Rahman T, Probst S, Baars MJ, et al. Mutations in the sarcomere gene MYH7 in Ebstein anomaly. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2011;4(1):43–50. - PubMed
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources