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Review
. 2024 Nov 18;13(22):6927.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13226927.

How Eyelid Changes May Impact on Tears

Antonio Di Zazzo  1 , Edoardo Villani  2 , Stefano Barabino  3 , Giuseppe Giannaccare  4
Affiliations
Review

How Eyelid Changes May Impact on Tears

Antonio Di Zazzo et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

This article examines the impact of eyelid margin diseases on tear film composition and associated ocular surface disorders. It highlights the prevalence of blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction, discussing risk factors and diagnostic considerations. Various therapeutic approaches, including eyelid hygiene, antibiotics, and innovative treatments, are explored. Emphasizing the chronic nature of these conditions, the article underscores the need for patient compliance. Overall, it provides a concise overview of eyelid-related issues and potential management strategies.

Keywords: blepharitis; dry eye disease; meibomian gland dysfunction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pathological mechanisms underlying Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Therapeutic Approach for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD. This flowchart presents stepwise treatment pathways based on patient response to therapy.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diagnostic and Clinical Features of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD). This flowchart illustrates the clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria associated with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction. CoNV: corneal neovascularization, SPK: superficial punctate keratitis, TBUT: tear break-up time, IR: infrared meibography, OCT: optical coherence tomography, IVCM: in vivo confocal microscopy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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