Therapeutic Potential of Novel Silver Carbonate Nanostructures in Wound Healing and Antibacterial Activity Against Pseudomonas chengduensis and Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Metallic NPs have been explored for various therapeutic uses owing to utilitarian physicochemical characteristics such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties. The objective of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic potential of novel silver carbonate nanostructures in promoting wound healing and their antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas chengduensis and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: In this work, we prepared Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles through a two-step methodology that was expected to improve the material's biomedical performance and biocompatibility. The characterization and assessment of synthesized NPs biocompatibility were conducted using hemolysis assays on the blood of a healthy male human. Further, we performed molecular docking analysis to confirm interactions of silver NPs with biological molecules. Results: In detail, the synthesized NPs showed <5% hemolysis activity at various concentrations, confirming their therapeutic applicability. Additionally, the NPs had good metabolic activities; they raised the T3/T4 hormone content and acted effectively on Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) in diabetic models. They also facilitated the rate of repair by having the diabetic wounds reach 100% re-epithelialization by day 13, unlike the control group, which reached the same level only by day 16. The synthesized Ag₂CO₃ NPs exhibited high antimicrobial potential against both Pseudomonas chengduensis and Staphylococcus aureus, hence being a potential material that can be used for infection control in biomedical tissue engineering applications. Conclusions: These findings concluded that novel synthesis methods lead to the formation of NPs with higher therapeutic prospects; however, studies of their metaphysical and endocrinological effects are necessary.

Keywords: Ag2CO3 nanoparticles; biocompatibility; insulin; metabolic effects; molecular docking.

Figure 1

SEM analysis of Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 2

FTIR analysis of Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 3

XRD analysis (left side) and histogram for NPs size (right side) of Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 4

Effect of Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticles on metabolic profile of diabetic albino mice. *: p < 0.05—indicates a significant difference. **: p < 0.01—indicates a very significant difference. ****: p < 0.0001—indicates an extremely significant difference. ns: p > 0.05—indicates non-significant difference.

Figure 5

Comparison of wound healing progress between control and Ag₂CO₃-nanoparticle-treated diabetic wounds.

Figure 6

Graphical representation of wound healing progress between control and Ag₂CO₃-nanoparticle-treated diabetic wounds.

Figure 7

Antimicrobial activity of Ag₂CO₃ nanoparticle against different bacterial strains: (A) Control; (B) Pseudomonas chengduensis; (C) Staphylococcus aureus.

Figure 8

Molecular docking analysis of Ag₂CO₃ with thyroxine-binding protein (PDB: 2CEO): left-side figure shows 2D interactions, while right panel displays 3D binding pose.

Figure 9

iMODS validation of thyroxine–Ag₂CO₃ complex: analysis of protein flexibility, deformability, and motion through normal mode analysis (NMA), highlighting dynamic conformational changes and stable interactions in the docked structure.

Figure 10

Molecular docking analysis of Ag₂CO₃ with thymidylate kinase (PDB ID: 4GQQ): left-side figure shows 2D interactions, while right panel displays 3D binding pose.

Figure 11

iMODS validation of thymidylate kinase–Ag₂CO₃ complex: analysis of protein flexibility, deformability, and motion through normal mode analysis (NMA), highlighting dynamic conformational changes and stable interactions in the docked structure.