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. 2025 Feb:163:110155.
doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110155. Epub 2024 Nov 30.

Adaptation of the Epilepsy-Related apathy scale to Turkish in adults with Epilepsy: Validity and reliability study

Zeynep Yanci  1 , Eylem Topbaş  2
Affiliations

Adaptation of the Epilepsy-Related apathy scale to Turkish in adults with Epilepsy: Validity and reliability study

Zeynep Yanci et al. Epilepsy Behav. 2025 Feb.

Abstract

Objective: To test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Epilepsy-Related Apathy Scale (E-RAS) in adults with epilepsy.

Methods: In this methodological study, the E-RAS was translated into Turkish using standard procedures and assessed for content validity by a panel of 8 experts. The draft scale was piloted with 10 people to ensure comprehensibility of the questions. For psychometric validation, the Turkish version of the scale was administered to 209 native Turkish speakers over 18 years of age who had epilepsy for at least 1 year and had been using antiepileptic drugs for at least 1 year.

Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed for construct validity. Internal consistency analysis yielded Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients of 0.813 for the whole scale and 0.802-0.864 for the subscales. In exploratory factor analysis, 9 of the original 24 items were removed (factor loadings < 0.30) and the 4 subscales were condensed to 2, called "Motivational and Emotional" and "Self-Regulatory and Cognitive".

Conclusion: The 15-item, 2-dimensional Turkish version of the E-RAS was determined to be valid and reliable for use in adults with epilepsy in the Turkish population.

Keywords: Apathy; Epilepsy; Nursing; Reliability; Turkiye; Validity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [Zeynep Yancı If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper].