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. 2024 Dec;39(6):981-985.
doi: 10.1016/j.virs.2024.11.005. Epub 2024 Nov 30.

Pandemic preparedness of effective vaccines for the outbreak of newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

Feixia Gao  1 , Qi Wang  1 , Chenchen Qiu  1 , Jian Luo  2 , Xiuling Li  3
Affiliations

Pandemic preparedness of effective vaccines for the outbreak of newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

Feixia Gao et al. Virol Sin. 2024 Dec.

Abstract

  1. •

    Analyzed the outbreak situation and viral characteristics of the newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus.

  2. •

    The current approval and research and development of the H5N1 HPAI vaccines were summarized.

  3. •

    Proposed vaccine development approaches against newly H5N1 virus, e.g. adjuvanted vaccine, mRNA vaccine, multivalent vaccine.

  4. •

    Discussed other prevention and control strategies, e.g. poultry vaccination, global surveillance and comprehensive testing.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Evolutionary and sequence analysis of H5N1 HPAI virus. A Timeline of H5N1 HPAI virus evolution from 1959 to 2024, depicting viral clade diversification and key events in viral emergence. B Genomic composition of the A/Texas/37/2024(H5N1) virus. Gene segments from different origins are represented by distinct colors. The gene segments are arranged from top to bottom in the following order: PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, M, and NS. C Mutations in A/Texas/37/2024 (H5N1) virus. D Side view of structural comparison of HA trimers between A/Texas/37/2024 (H5N1) and A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 (H5N8) viruses. The HA structure of A/Texas/37/2024 strain is shown in cyan, and the A/Astrakhan/3212/2020 strain is in yellow. The enlarged view highlights amino acid substitutions in the HA head region between the two viruses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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