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Case Reports
. 2024 Nov 2;16(11):e72900.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.72900. eCollection 2024 Nov.

Superior Ophthalmic Vein Thrombosis in Trinidad and Tobago: A Case Series

Kieron Naguar  1 , Steven Sankar  2 , Anala A Maharaj  1 , Jeanmarc Sookhoo  1 , Ryan R Ramoutar  3
Affiliations
Case Reports

Superior Ophthalmic Vein Thrombosis in Trinidad and Tobago: A Case Series

Kieron Naguar et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis (SOVT) is a rare and potentially sight and life-threatening condition. Although broadly classified into septic and aseptic causes, its etiology is widely varied and presents clinically with a range of signs and symptoms, leading to diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case series describes three cases of radiologically confirmed SOVT, presenting in close succession at an ophthalmology department in a single center in Trinidad and Tobago. All three cases were managed with a multidisciplinary approach and ultimately demonstrated full clinical resolution.

Keywords: facial cellulitis; idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease; ophthalmology; orbital cellulitis; paranasal cellulitis; proptosis; superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis; thyroid eye disease; trinidad; trinidad and tobago.

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Conflict of interest statement

Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. issued approval N/A. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Case 1. Axial contrast-enhanced CT imaging in panel A illustrates a torturous superior ophthalmic vein (blue arrow). The coronal image in panel B displays the normal-appearing contralateral right versus left superior ophthalmic veins (green arrows). Additionally, the axial image in panel A demonstrates thickening of the septum with enhancement of the extraconal fat, medially indicative of pre-septal cellulitis.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Case 1. Axial contrast MRI-venogram T2-weighted-fat suppressed image in panel A illustrates a left dilated superior ophthalmic vein (red arrow) with a hypointense intraluminal defect indicative of thrombus. This is shown in comparison to the coronal image in panel B which displays the normal-appearing contralateral right superior ophthalmic vein (green arrowhead). The MRI also depicts inflammatory involvement of the left superior and lateral recti muscles with mild changes noted within the intra-conal fat.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Case 2. Axial contrast MRI-venogram T2-weighted-fat suppressed image in panel A illustrating the left superior ophthalmic vein (yellow arrow) with a subtle hypo-intense intraluminal defect indicative of thrombus. The image in panel B is a focal, more detailed view indicating the thickening of the bellies of the medial and lateral recti muscles (yellow arrowhead) with sparing of the anterior tendons; radiological signs associated with thyroid orbitopathy. Inflammatory changes are also visualized in the congested intraconal fat.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Case 3. Contrast-enhanced CT venogram illustrating a filling defect within the dilated superior ophthalmic vein (yellow arrows) on the right compared to the normal-appearing superior ophthalmic vein on the left (red arrowhead).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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