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Review
. 2025 Jan;46(1):9-19.
doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2024.11.003. Epub 2024 Dec 3.

Model-informed precision dosing in inflammatory bowel diseases

Arno R Bourgonje  1 , Marla C Dubinsky  2 , Ron J Keizer  3 , Erwin Dreesen  4 , Paola Mian  5
Affiliations
Review

Model-informed precision dosing in inflammatory bowel diseases

Arno R Bourgonje et al. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2025 Jan.

Abstract

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for biologic therapies in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) primarily aims to optimize dosing. However, several unmet needs remain. These include the identification of optimal drug concentrations, accounting for variability in pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), and the frequent delays between sampling and clinical decision-making. Recent technical advances, such as population PK/PD modeling and model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) tools developed from such models, as well as point-of-care (POC) and self-sampling assays and novel software programs, offer potential solutions. Successful implementation of these innovations may help to establish MIPD for patients with IBD. This would enable personalized dosing, advancing a one-size-fits-all approach to TDM that currently is inadequate to fulfill the needs for every patient with IBD.

Keywords: biologicals; biologics; inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); model-informed precision dosing (MIPD); precision medicine; therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interests A.R.B. has received a research grant from Janssen Pharmaceuticals and received speaker’s fees from AbbVie and Ferring outside the submitted work. E.D. received consultancy fees from Alimentiv and argenx; lecture fees from Celltrion and Galapagos; and financial support from Celltrion, Janssen, Pfizer, Prometheus, R-Biopharm, and Sandoz outside the submitted work, with all honoraria/fees being paid to KU Leuven and not to any personal account of E.D. R.J.K. is an employee and stockholder of InsightRX, a company that develops precision dosing software. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

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