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. 2024 Nov 20:15:1466148.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1466148. eCollection 2024.

Health-related fitness benefits following concurrent high-intensity interval training and resistance training in patients with type-1 diabetes or type-2 diabetes

Corentin Scoubeau  1 , Malgorzata Klass  2   3 , Bert Celie  1 , Chantal Godefroid  4 , Miriam Cnop  5   6 , Vitalie Faoro  1
Affiliations

Health-related fitness benefits following concurrent high-intensity interval training and resistance training in patients with type-1 diabetes or type-2 diabetes

Corentin Scoubeau et al. Front Physiol. .

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), as assessed by VO2peak, along with metabolic and cardiovascular health indices, represents the strongest predictors of survival. However, it remains unclear whether concurrent high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance training (RT) can similarly enhance these health markers in patients with type-1 diabetes (T1D) or type-2 diabetes (T2D) compared to healthy individuals.

Methods: Adults with uncomplicated T1D or T2D and healthy normoglycemic controls matched for sex and age (HC1 and HC2) performed 3 training sessions/week of concurrent HIIT and RT for 12 weeks. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included: lipids and glycemic profile, body composition (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and a cyclo-ergometric cardio-pulmonary exercise test.

Results: Training improved VO2peak, the ventilatory threshold (VT1), maximal workload, ventilation and O2pulse, similarly in T1D in HC1 without changes in body composition or glycemic profile. In patients with T2D, training improved insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR), lean mass, VE/VCO2 slope, VT1 and maximal O2pulse, workload and VO2peak with reduction in fat mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (all, p < 0.05). However, improvements in VO2peak and O2pulse were lower than in healthy controls (respectively, T2D: +9%, HC2: +18% and T2D: +6%, HC2: +19%, p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Both patients with T1D and T2D benefit from combined HIIT and RT by improving CRF with specific adaptations influenced by the presence and type of diabetes. While identical magnitude of achievements were observed in T1D and HC1, T2D patients exhibited lower VO2peak and maximal O2pulse improvements but associated with notable additional health benefits regarding insulin sensitivity, body composition, visceral adipose tissue and ventilatory efficiency.

Keywords: VO2max; VO2peak; aerobic capacity; body composition; diabetes mellitus; glycated hemoglobin; high intensity interval training; trainability.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Study flow diagram
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Protocol design.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
DEXA Body composition assessment Individual (grey lines) and mean (black lines) values of total fat mass (A, D). total lean mass (B, E) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume (C, F) before and after training in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their healthy controls (HC1; left panels) and in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their healthy controls (HC2; right panels). *p < 0.05; different from baseline value within the group.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Cardio-respiratory fitness assessment Individual and mean values of VO2peak (A, E). the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) (B, F). the maximal O2pulse (C, G) and the VE/VCO2slope (D, H) before and after training in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and their healthy controls (HC1) (left panels) and in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their healthy controls (HC2) (right panels). *p < 0.05 different from baseline value within the group, #p < 0.05 difference in the training response between groups.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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