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. 2024 Nov 17:11:100282.
doi: 10.1016/j.prdoa.2024.100282. eCollection 2024.

Dysphagia is a risk factor of malnutrition in X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism

Tabitha H Kao  1 , Perman Gochyyev  1 , Nutan Sharma  2   3 , Jan K de Guzman  4   5 , Melanie Supnet Wells  2   3 , Patrick Acuna  2   3 , Shasha Li  6   7 , Hannah P Rowe  8 , Bridget J Perry  1
Affiliations

Dysphagia is a risk factor of malnutrition in X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism

Tabitha H Kao et al. Clin Park Relat Disord. .

Abstract

Introduction: Malnutrition is a leading cause of death for persons living with X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism (XDP), a degenerative disease endemic to the Philippines. Difficulty swallowing has been linked to malnutrition in other populations; however, knowledge of this relationship is limited in XDP. As such, the purpose of this study was to determine the association between dysphagia and malnutrition in this population.

Methods: 21 individuals with XDP, 26 controls, and 18 genetic carriers were included in the final data analysis. Spearman's rank order correlation coefficient was used to determine an association between baseline EAT-10 total scores and 12-month malnutrition status, and multiple linear regression to evaluate the predictive ability of the EAT-10. A baseline EAT-10 score cut-off point predicting 12-month malnutrition status was estimated.

Results: For the XDP group, the baseline EAT-10 total scores had a significant negative correlation (r = -0.68, p < 0.001) with and was a significant predictor (p = 0.001) of 12-month BMI. A baseline EAT-10 total score of ≥ 4 predicted malnutrition twelve months after administration (sensitivity = 0.93; specificity = 1; AUC = 0.95).

Discussion: Dysphagia, as measured using the EAT-10, was associated with BMI in the XDP population. Additionally, an EAT-10 total score ≥ 4 could predict malnutrition in twelve months after test administration. With these findings, healthcare providers could identify patients with XDP at high risk for malnutrition earlier and provide intervention sooner.

Keywords: BMI; Dysphagia; Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10); Malnutrition; X-linked dystonia-parkinsonism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: [This work was supported by the Massachusetts General Hospital Collaborative Center for X-linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism, Boston, MA; the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders [grant number K24DC0016312]; and the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [grant number K23NS123369]. The funding sources did not participate in the study design; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; report writing; or decision to submit the article for publication. The authors declare that they have no known competing personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper].

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Relationship between twelve-month BMI and baseline EAT-10 total scores. Graph displaying the relationship between twelve-month BMI and baseline EAT-10 total score, while accounting for disease duration, in the XDP group.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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