Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Multicenter Study
. 2024 Dec 1;52(12):e604-e615.
doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006436. Epub 2024 Oct 7.

Epidemiology, Process of Care, and Associated Outcomes of Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China: Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Population-Based Registry

Xiangkai Zhao  1   2   3 , Wen Zheng  1   2   3 , Yu Ma  4 , Yaping Hou  1   2   3 , Yimin Zhu  5 , Jiaqi Zheng  1   2   3 , Quan Wang  6 , Chang Pan  1   2   3 , Jianbo Zhang  1   2   3 , Chunyi Wang  1   2   3 , Yuan Bian  1   2   3 , Rugang Liu  1   2   3 , Kai Cheng  1   2   3 , Jingjing Ma  1   2   3 , Marcus Eng Hock Ong  7 , Feng Xu  1   2   3 , Yuguo Chen  1   2   3 ; Baseline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) Coordinators and Investigators
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Epidemiology, Process of Care, and Associated Outcomes of Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China: Results From a Prospective, Multicenter, Population-Based Registry

Xiangkai Zhao et al. Crit Care Med. .

Abstract

Objectives: To comprehensively describe the incidence, process of care, outcomes, and variation among different age groups of pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in China.

Design: The Baseline Investigation of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (BASIC-OHCA) is a prospective, multicenter, population-based registry of emergency medical services (EMS)-assessed OHCA in China.

Setting: A total of 25 monitoring sites of all seven geographical regions were included, covering a pediatric population (age ≤ 19) of around 22.3 million in China.

Patients: Pediatric patients enrolled in BASIC-OHCA from August 2019 to December 2020 were included.

Interventions: None.

Measurements and main results: A total of 1493 pediatric patients with EMS-assessed OHCA were enrolled, and resuscitation was attempted in 651 cases (43.6%). The crude incidence of EMS-assessed and EMS-treated OHCA was 5.5 (95% CI, 5.2-5.9) and 2.4 (95% CI, 2.2-2.6) per 100,000 pediatric population. Among 651 EMS-treated OHCA cases, 434 patients (66.7%) were male, and 353 (54.2%) had nonmedical causes (trauma, asphyxia, and drowning being the most common). There were 396 patients (60.8%) who collapsed at home, and the proportion of cases that occurred in public places such as streets and schools increased with age. There were 26 patients (4.0%) who had an initial shockable rhythm. For 626 non-EMS-witnessed patients, 152 patients (24.3%) received bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 68 (10.9%) received dispatcher-assisted CPR, and 3 (0.5%) had automated external defibrillator applied. The survival to discharge or 30 days was 3.5% (23/651), and the favorable neurologic prognosis was 3.1% (20/651), with no differences among age groups.

Conclusions: This study provides the first national exploration of pediatric OHCA in China. The high proportion of nonmedical causes underscores the importance of preventing accidents in children. Gaps in the chain of survival and patient outcomes provide a focus for improving the treatment of pediatric OHCA in China and other developing countries.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Nishiyama C, Kiguchi T, Okubo M, et al.: Three-year trends in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest across the world: Second report from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). Resuscitation. 2023; 186:109757
    1. Okubo M, Chan HK, Callaway CW, et al.: Characteristics of paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the United States. Resuscitation. 2020; 153:227–233
    1. Bardai A, Berdowski J, van der Werf C, et al.: Incidence, causes, and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children. A comprehensive, prospective, population-based study in the Netherlands. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 57:1822–1828
    1. Inoue M, Tohira H, Williams T, et al.: Incidence, characteristics and survival outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in children and adolescents between 1997 and 2014 in Perth, Western Australia. Emerg Med Australas. 2017; 29:69–76
    1. Kitamura T, Iwami T, Kawamura T, et al.; implementation working group for All-Japan Utstein Registry of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency: Conventional and chest-compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation by bystanders for children who have out-of-hospital cardiac arrests: A prospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study. Lancet. 2010; 375:1347–1354

Publication types