Understanding Cultural Values and Beliefs of Puerto Ricans Regarding Suicide and Suicide Prevention: An Ethnonursing Study

Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is a Latinx leading cause of death. A deeper understanding of the cultural factors that can inform suicide prevention efforts among specific Latinx subgroups, such as Puerto Ricans, is needed. This study aimed to explore the cultural values and beliefs of Puerto Rican adults pertaining to suicide and its prevention.

Methodology: The Ethnonursing Research Method, a qualitative approach, was used for this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom with 27 Puerto Rican adults in the U.S. Southwest. Data were analyzed using Leininger's four phases of data analysis.

Results: Three major themes were abstracted: (a) family should play a central role in suicide prevention, (b) a concern for what people will say or think can influence help-seeking, and (c) suicide prevention includes the provision of care that fosters confianza (relational trust, safe space).

Discussion: Culture care values, such as confianza and familismo, must inform suicide prevention efforts and stigma campaigns targeting Puerto Rican communities in the U.S. mainland.

Keywords: Puerto Ricans; culturally congruent care; ethnonursing; nursing care; suicide prevention.