Progress in MGJWS: A 74-Year Review of Marcus Gunn Jaw-Winking Syndrome

Abstract

We present an overview of the epidemiology and differential diagnosis of Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome. We scrutinize various hypotheses regarding its etiology and pathogenesis, encompassing abnormal nerve connections, heredity factors, genetic variation, and the release hypothesis, as proposed in prior studies. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical manifestations of Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome and highlight cases with exceptional clinical presentations or concurrent diseases. Moreover, we not only describe the existing surgical and nonsurgical treatments for Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome but also delineate therapies for related conditions such as Meige syndrome, sequelae of facial paralysis, and other oculopalpebral and facial synkinesis. This comprehensive approach serves as a valuable reference for the holistic management of Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome.

Keywords: Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome; facial synkinesis; pathogenesis; ptosis; treatment.