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. 2021 Sep 16;60(1):3-9.
doi: 10.32615/ps.2021.041. eCollection 2022.

Contents of photosynthetic pigments and ratios of chlorophyll a/ b and chlorophylls to carotenoids (a+ b)/(x+ c) in C4 plants as compared to C3 plants

H K Lichtenthaler  1 , F Babani  2
Affiliations

Contents of photosynthetic pigments and ratios of chlorophyll a/ b and chlorophylls to carotenoids (a+ b)/(x+ c) in C4 plants as compared to C3 plants

H K Lichtenthaler et al. Photosynthetica. .

Abstract

The content of chlorophylls (Chl) (a+b), total carotenoids (x+c), and the pigment ratios of Chl a/b and Chls to carotenoids (a+b)/(x+c) of green leaves of five C4 plants were determined and compared to those of C3 plants. The C4 plants were: Pacific and Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus floridulus and Miscanthus sinensis), sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) as well as feed and sugar maize (Zea mays). The three C3 plants were beech, ginkgo, and oak. C4 plants possess higher values for the ratio Chl a/b (3.4-4.5) as compared to the C3 plants (2.6-3.3). Sugar maize had the highest values for Chl a/b (4.04-4.70) and exceptionally high contents of total carotenoids and consequently lower values for the ratio of (a+b)/(x+c) (mean: 3.75 ± 0.6). During autumnal senescence also C4 plants showed a faster decline of Chl b as compared to Chl a yielding high values for Chl a/b of 6 to 8. Chlorophylls declined faster than carotenoids yielding low (a+b)/(x+c) values below 1.0.

Keywords: C3 plants; C4 plants; autumnal leaf senescence; chlorophyll contents; photosynthetic pigments; shade leaves; sun leaves; total carotenoid content.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Content of carotenoids (A), values of the ratio Chl a/b (B), and the ratio chlorophylls/carotenoids (a+b)/(x+c) (C), based on the total Chl (a+b) content per leaf area unit in three C4 plants: two silvergrass species Miscanthus sinensis and M. floridulus and sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum). Right part of the figure: green leaves. Left part of the figure: yellowish-green leaves during autumnal senescence. Trend lines (correlation lines) are indicated for the changes in green leaves and during senescence.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Content of carotenoids (A), values of the ratio Chl a/b (B), and the ratio chlorophylls/carotenoids (a+b)/(x+c) (C), based on the total Chl (a+b) content per leaf area unit in two maize varieties (C4 plants): feed maize and sugar maize. Right part of the figure: green leaves. Left part of the figure: yellowish-green leaves during autumnal senescence. Trend lines (correlation lines) are indicated for the changes in green leaves and during senescence.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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