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. 2025 Feb;37(6):e2414663.
doi: 10.1002/adma.202414663. Epub 2024 Dec 9.

Piezoelectric-Augmented Thermoelectric Ionogels for Self-Powered Multimodal Medical Sensors

Ya-Hsin Pai  1 , Chen Xu  2 , Renyang Zhu  1 , Xinyi Ding  1 , Shengqiang Bai  3 , Ziqi Liang  1 , Lidong Chen  3
Affiliations

Piezoelectric-Augmented Thermoelectric Ionogels for Self-Powered Multimodal Medical Sensors

Ya-Hsin Pai et al. Adv Mater. 2025 Feb.

Abstract

A paradigm ionogel consisting of ionic liquid (IL) and PVDF-HFP composites is made, which inherently possesses dual-function ionic thermoelectric (iTE) and piezoelectric (PE) attributes. This study investigates an innovative "PE-enhanced iTEs" effect, wherein the ionic thermopower exhibits a 58% enhancement while the ionic conductivity arises more than 2× within a PE-induced internal electric field. By harnessing these multifaceted features, fully self-powered, multimodal sensors demonstrate their superior energy conversion capabilities, which possessed minimum sensitivities of 0.13 mV kPa-1 and 0.96 mV K-1 in pressure and temperature alterations, respectively. The PE augmentation of iTEs is maximized by ≈3× under rising water pressure. Their swift and sophisticated responses to various in vivo vital signs simultaneously in a hemorrhagic shock scenario, indicative of good prospects in the clinical medicine field are showcased.

Keywords: ionic thermoelectrics; multimodal; n‐type ionogel; piezoelectric; sensor.

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