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Case Reports
. 2024 Dec 4:17:10305-10311.
doi: 10.2147/JIR.S496441. eCollection 2024.

Case Report and Literature Review of "Treatment Failure" of Aspergillus Infection Secondary to Influenza a Virus

Peikun Teng  1 , Yuzhan Liu  1 , Xingyu Zhang  2 , Nianxu Luan  1 , Xiudi Han  1 , Xuedong Liu  1
Affiliations
Case Reports

Case Report and Literature Review of "Treatment Failure" of Aspergillus Infection Secondary to Influenza a Virus

Peikun Teng et al. J Inflamm Res. .

Abstract

Purpose: Increased clinical manifestations combined with increased lung imaging findings during antifungal therapy are often misjudged as failure of antifungal therapy, and should be vigilant against immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

Case: We describes a case of invasive pulmonary Aspergillus infection after Influenza A Virus (IAV). After active antifungal therapy, the patient's clinical symptoms continued to worsen, imaging lesions continued to progress, laboratory indicators improved, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome was considered.

Conclusion: The clinical characteristics and treatment process of this case were summarized, and related literature search was carried out, in order to provide a new perspective for the treatment failure of fungal infection in the future, and to avoid the random change of antifungal drugs, which may lead to the increase of drug resistance.

Keywords: Aspergillus infection; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; influenza A virus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chest CT showed that the double lung lesions were found distributed along the air bundle, with some of them forming spots on April 2, 2023.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Bronchoscopy showed that more white sputum retention and mucous hyperemia in the main and left and right bronchus on April 4, 2023.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chest CT showed that both lung lesions were more severe than before, and some lesions were fused into slices on April 6, 2023.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chest CT showed that the lesions of double lung disease were more advanced on April 11, 2023.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chest CT showed that the lesion continued to progress, and the original solid lesion was slightly reduced, accompanied by ground glass shadow exudation on April 17, 2023.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chest CT showed, that both lung glass shadow absorption improved on April 26, 2023.
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