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. 2024 Nov 22:37:100497.
doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2024.100497. eCollection 2024 Dec.

Dissecting regional variability in Pyrazinamide prescribing practices for tuberculosis treatment in Japan

Nobuaki Kobayashi  1 , Hiromi Matsumoto  1 , Takeshi Kaneko  1
Affiliations

Dissecting regional variability in Pyrazinamide prescribing practices for tuberculosis treatment in Japan

Nobuaki Kobayashi et al. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. .

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate regional variations in pyrazinamide (PZA) prescribing across Japan's 47 prefectures and associated influential factors.

Methods: This study utilized the Standardized Claim Ratio (SCR) for PZA from Japan's National Database of Health Insurance Claims in 2018. Pearson's correlation coefficients assessed relationships between SCR and tuberculosis (TB) incidence, patient characteristics (age, liver disease), and healthcare resources (specialists, TB beds). Multiple regression analysis identified independent predictors of SCR.

Results: Median SCR for PZA was 90.0 (range 40.2-187.1), with a 3-fold difference between top and bottom prefectures. In univariate analysis, SCR correlated positively with TB incidence (r = 0.42), respiratory/infectious disease/TB specialists, and negatively with elderly TB patients (r = -0.33) and liver disease per TB case. Multiple regression revealed higher SCR associated with higher TB incidence (β = 0.44, p < 0.001), lower elderly patients (β = -0.33, p = 0.005), and more respiratory specialists (β = 0.41, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Regional PZA prescription patterns are multifaceted, significantly influenced by TB prevalence, elderly patient ratios, and the availability of respiratory specialists. To enhance PZA prescribing conformity and TB management, fostering respiratory expertise across Japan is imperative.

Keywords: Elderly patients; Prescribing patterns; Pyrazinamide; Regional variation; Respiratory specialists; Tuberculosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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