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. 2024 Nov 22;9(1):bvae208.
doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvae208. eCollection 2024 Nov 26.

Social Determinants of Health for Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients With Diabetes

Kibret Enyew Belay  1 , Yeweyenhareg Feleke  1 , Theodros Aberra Alemneh  1 , Asteway Mulat Haile  2 , Dawit Girma Abebe  3
Affiliations

Social Determinants of Health for Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Among Patients With Diabetes

Kibret Enyew Belay et al. J Endocr Soc. .

Abstract

Context: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome is a recently introduced term that is a complex disease consisting of cardiovascular disease, renal disease, obesity, and diabetes. The association of social determinants of health (SDOH) with CKM syndrome is not fully known.

Objective: We aimed to assess SDOH affecting CKM syndrome among adult patients with diabetes at follow-up at a tertiary hospital in Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was used. Data were collected using a Kobo toolbox and entered into SPSS version 29 for further analysis.

Results: A total of 422 adult patients with diabetes were included in this study. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 54.14 ± 13.74 years. Fifty-two percent of the patients were male. In this study, 52.4% had cardiovascular kidney metabolic syndrome. Male patients (AOR: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.01-2.94), lost to follow-up for more than a year due to lack of money (AOR: 2.69; 95% CI, 1.01-7.22), missed an appointment due to lack of transportation in the past 1 year (AOR: 2.98; 95% CI, 1.21-7.33), were patients with disability (AOR: 1.97; 95% CI, 1.12-3.48), had hypertension (AOR: 3.12; 95% CI, 1.85-5.28), had obesity (AOR: 2.27, 95% CI, 1.17, 4.40), and were in retirement (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI, 1.04-4.30) these being more significantly associated with CKM syndrome.

Conclusion: More than half of patients had CKM syndrome. More attention should be given to SDOH, including male sex, financial constraints, transportation issues, disability, and retirement.

Keywords: Ethiopia; cardiovascular kidney metabolic syndrome; diabetes; social determinants of health.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Percentage of each disease of cardiovascular kidney-metabolic syndrome among patients with diabetes at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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