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Review
. 2024 Nov 10;16(11):e73401.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.73401. eCollection 2024 Nov.

The Force Awakening in HbA1c Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of High-Intensity and Endurance Exercise in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Felipe A Muñoz Rossi  1 , Jose A Cabarcas Rua  2 , Néstor Israel Quinapanta Castro  3 , Sara I Cedillo Orellana  4 , Melissa Báez  5 , Jonathan Coronel  6 , Diana Marcela Zambrano Delgado  7 , Vanessa Mejia Nates  8 , Priscila A Leon  9 , Antonio J Reche Martinez  10
Affiliations
Review

The Force Awakening in HbA1c Control: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of High-Intensity and Endurance Exercise in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Felipe A Muñoz Rossi et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

The increase in the global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), driven mainly by obesity and physical inactivity, has increased interest in various nonpharmacological therapies. This systematic review aims to establish the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and resistance exercise (RE) compared with continuous aerobic exercise in improving control in patients with DM2. We conducted a comprehensive search for clinical trials using databases such as MEDLINE (PubMed) and Web of Science. The search was performed using a controlled vocabulary (MeSH) together with Boolean operators, and the results were limited to English and Spanish. Secondary outcomes were improvements in VO2max and decreases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This study aims to explain evidence-based recommendations for primary care physicians on exercise therapies to improve glycemic management as well as cardiovascular health in people with DM2.

Keywords: aerobic exercise; diabetes mellitus type 2; glycated hemoglobin; high-intensity interval training (hiit); resistance training.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA flow diagram for systematic review
PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)
Figure 2
Figure 2. Forest plot: HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin)
SD (Standard Deviation); SMD (Standardized Mean Difference); CI (Confidence Interval)
Figure 3
Figure 3. Forest plot: VO2max
SD (Standard Deviation); SMD (Standardized Mean Difference); CI (Confidence Interval)
Figure 4
Figure 4. Forest plot: LDL levels
SD (Standard Deviation); SMD (Standardized Mean Difference); CI (Confidence Interval); LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)
Figure 5
Figure 5. Summary of the risk of bias (RoB 2.0)
Figure 6
Figure 6. Risk of bias: each factor is presented as percentages overall among the included studies
Figure 7
Figure 7. Funnel plot: HbA1c
Figure 8
Figure 8. Funnel plot: LDL
LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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