Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Multicenter Study
. 2025 Jan:199:108056.
doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.108056. Epub 2024 Dec 9.

Long-term outcome of chemoimmunotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer according to key clinical trial eligibility: 3-year outcomes from a prospective cohort study

Jun Sugisaka  1 , Daichi Fujimoto  2 , Motohiro Tamiya  3 , Akito Hata  4 , Hirotaka Matsumoto  5 , Toshihide Yokoyama  6 , Yoshihiko Taniguchi  7 , Junji Uchida  8 , Yuki Sato  9 , Takashi Kijima  10 , Hisashi Tanaka  11 , Naoki Furuya  12 , Takeshi Masuda  13 , Yoshihiko Sakata  14 , Eisaku Miyauchi  15 , Go Saito  16 , Satoru Miura  17 , Teppei Yamaguchi  18 , Haruko Daga  19 , Shinya Sakata  20 , Nobuyuki Yamamoto  21 , Hiroaki Akamatsu  21
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Long-term outcome of chemoimmunotherapy for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer according to key clinical trial eligibility: 3-year outcomes from a prospective cohort study

Jun Sugisaka et al. Lung Cancer. 2025 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Chemoimmunotherapy is the standard first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC); however, its real-world long-term outcomes associated with patient backgrounds are still unclear. We explored this association using an updated large real-world prospective cohort with a minimum follow-up of 3 years.

Methods: This prospective cohort study, conducted across 32 hospitals, enrolled patients with ES-SCLC receiving carboplatin, etoposide, and atezolizumab between September 1, 2019 and September 30, 2020. Updated data with a minimum 3-year follow-up period were analyzed. Patients who met eligibility criteria for pivotal phase 3 clinical trials were considered "trial-eligible."

Results: The median (range) time from the treatment initiation to data cutoff (September 30, 2023) was 42.2 (35.8-48.2) months for the enrolled 207 patients. Most patients (89 %) had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria (132 [64 %]) were categorized as trial-eligible. The 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) probability and overall survival (OS) were 6.1 % and 20.9 %, respectively. The 3-year OS probabilities for trial-eligible and trial-ineligible patients were 26.7 and 9.5 %, respectively. The trial-eligible cohort had a larger percentage of patients achieving a 3-year OS (30/132, 22.7 %) than the trial-ineligible cohort (5/75, 6.7 %) (P = 0.003) CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the first documentation of the long-term outcomes following chemoimmunotherapy in a large prospective real-world cohort of patients with ES-SCLC. Key eligibility criteria significantly influenced the long-term effectiveness. These findings provide valuable insights into the practical effectiveness of chemoimmunotherapy and clinical decision-making for patients with ES-SCLC.

Keywords: Anti-programmed death ligand 1; Chemoimmunotherapy; Eligibility criteria; Extensive-stage small-cell lung carcinoma; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Long-term outcome; Prospective study.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Nobuyuki Yamamoto reports financial support was provided by Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd. Daichi Fujimoto reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: consulting or advisory and speaking and lecture fees. Motohiro Tamiya reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Akito Hata reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: funding grants and speaking and lecture fees. Hirotaka Matsumoto reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Toshihide Yokoyama reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: funding grants and speaking and lecture fees. Yoshihiko Taniguchi reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Yuki Sato reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Takashi Kijima reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: funding grants and speaking and lecture fees. Hisashi Tanaka reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Naoki Furuya reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Takeshi Masuda reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Yoshihiko Sakata reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Eisaku Miyauchi reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Go Saito reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Satoru Miura reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Teppei Yamaguchi reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Haruko Daga reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Shinya Sakata reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Nobuyuki Yamamoto reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: consulting or advisory, funding grants, and speaking and lecture fees. Hiroaki Akamatsu reports a relationship with Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd that includes: funding grants and speaking and lecture fees. Hirotaka Matsumoto reports a relationship with Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Toshihide Yokoyama reports a relationship with Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Yuki Sato reports a relationship with Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Eisaku Miyauchi reports a relationship with Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Satoru Miura reports a relationship with Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. Hiroaki Akamatsu reports a relationship with Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd that includes: speaking and lecture fees. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Publication types

MeSH terms