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Review
. 2024 Nov 29:15:1503099.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1503099. eCollection 2024.

Breaking barriers: advancing cellular therapies in autoimmune disease management

Yanhong Fu  1   2 , Chunjing Feng  2   3 , Shan Qin  1   2 , Zhiyao Xing  2   4 , Chong Liu  1   2 , Zichuan Liu  1   5 , Hongjian Yu  4
Affiliations
Review

Breaking barriers: advancing cellular therapies in autoimmune disease management

Yanhong Fu et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Autoimmune diseases occur due to a dysregulation within the immune system, leading to an aberrant assault on the organism's own tissues. The pathogenesis of these conditions is multifactorial, encompassing intricate interplays among genetic predispositions, environmental determinants, and hormonal fluctuations. The spectrum of autoimmune diseases is broad, impacting a multitude of organ systems, with notable examples such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis, and vitiligo. Despite substantial progress in therapeutic interventions over recent years, a definitive cure for autoimmune diseases has yet to be realized, with existing modalities largely providing palliative care. Cellular therapy is considered the fourth pillar in the management of oncological disorders subsequent to surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Cellular therapies have shown potential in augmenting immune competence and eliminating of targeted neoplastic cells in a spectrum of cancers. As targeting specific molecules on the surface of autoreactive B and T cells, such as CD19, BCMA, CD20, and CTLA-4, cellular therapies are emerging as promising approaches for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This review delineates the advancements in the application of cellular therapies applied recently for autoimmune diseases and proposes considerations for the advancement of novel therapeutic strategies.

Keywords: B cells; CD19; Tregs; autoimmune diseases; cellular therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author CF was employed by the company Jiangxi Health-Biotech Stem Cell Technology Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pathogenic factors in autoimmune diseases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Cellular and molecular pathogenesis in autoimmune diseases.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pharmacotherapy and cell-based therapy for autoimmune diseases.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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