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. 2024 Jan 31;15(4):651-664.
doi: 10.1080/21501203.2024.2305719. eCollection 2024.

Valorisation of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate for sustainable xylooligosaccharides production using low-cost crude xylanases from Aspergillus flavus KUB2

Surasak Supmeeprom  1 , Anon Thammasittirong  1   2 , Sukanya Jeennor  3 , Kathawut Sopalun  1   2 , Sutticha Na-Ranong Thammasittirong  1   2
Affiliations

Valorisation of sawdust-based spent mushroom substrate for sustainable xylooligosaccharides production using low-cost crude xylanases from Aspergillus flavus KUB2

Surasak Supmeeprom et al. Mycology. .

Abstract

Spent mushroom substrate (SMS), a lignocellulosic waste after mushroom production is generally discarded without proper management. There is increasing interest in the sustainable transformation of lignocellulosic waste into high-value products. Within this context, the present study investigated the potential of the SMS from the cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Auricularia auricula on rubber tree wood sawdust as substrates for xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production. SMS samples from these two edible mushrooms were extracted using alkaline xylan extraction, producing maximum true recovery amounts of xylan in the range 34.61%-37.49% using 18% NaOH at 70 °C for 3 h. Production of XOS from alkaline-extracted xylan from the SMS samples of both mushroom species using economically crude xylanases from Aspergillus flavus KUB2 resulted in XOS (X2-X5) production of 241.47-249.04 mg/g, with X3 as the predominant XOS product. The produced XOS had excellent prebiotic activity and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and contained high total phenolic contents. The combined beneficial bioactivities in terms of prebiotic and antioxidant properties suggested that the XOS produced from sawdust-based SMS samples of P. pulmonarius and A. auricula could be promising ingredients for both food and pharmaceutical applications.

Keywords: Aspergillus flavus; Spent mushroom substrate; antioxidant activity; prebiotic; xylan; xylooligosaccharides.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
FT-IR spectra of commercial beechwood xylan (a), alkaline-extracted xylan from SMS of Pleurotus pulmonarius (b), and alkaline-extracted xylan from SMS of Auricularia auricula (c).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Effect of pH on xylanase activity (a) and stability (b).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Effect of temperature on xylanase activity (a) and stability (b).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
XOS production from SMS xylan of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Auricularia auricula using crude xylanases of A. flavus KUB2. XOS yield (a) and percentage ratio of XOS with DP 2–5 (b).
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Lacticaseibacillus casei TISTR 1463 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TISTR 2075 growth in MRS media without sugar supplementation and MRS media supplemented with xylose and XOS from SMS of Pleurotus pulmonarius and Auricularia auriculaas carbon source.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Antioxidant activity against DPPH of XOS from SMS xylan of Pleurotus pulmonarius (open symbol) and Auricularia auricula (filled symbol).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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