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Review
. 2024 Nov 29;13(23):1981.
doi: 10.3390/cells13231981.

Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Celiac Disease and Diabetes: Focus on the Intestinal Mucosa

Claudia Bellomo  1 , Francesca Furone  1 , Roberta Rotondo  2 , Ilaria Ciscognetti  1 , Martina Carpinelli  1 , Martina Nicoletti  1 , Genoveffa D'Aniello  3 , Leandra Sepe  4 , Maria Vittoria Barone  1   3 , Merlin Nanayakkara  5
Affiliations
Review

Role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Celiac Disease and Diabetes: Focus on the Intestinal Mucosa

Claudia Bellomo et al. Cells. .

Abstract

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a family of enzymes essential for numerous cellular processes, such as cell growth, inflammation, differentiation, immune-mediated responses and oncogenic transformation. The aim of this review is to review the literature concerning the role of several PTPs-PTPN22, PTPN2, PTPN6, PTPN11, PTPσ, DUSP2, DUSP6 and PTPRK-at the level of the intestinal mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease (CeD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both in vitro and in vivo models. The results revealed shared features, at the level of the intestinal mucosa, between these diseases characterized by alterations of different biological processes, such as proliferation, autoimmunity, cell death, autophagy and inflammation. PTPs are now actively studied to develop new drugs. Also considering the availability of organoids as models to test new drugs in personalized ways, it is very likely that soon these proteins will be the targets of useful drugs.

Keywords: celiac disease; diabetes; inflammatory bowel diseases; intestinal mucosa; protein tyrosine phosphatases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphical representation of the PTP domain profile.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic representation of PTPs (PTPN22; PTPN2; PTPσ; PTPN11; PTPN6; DUSP2; DUSP6; PTPRK) involved in Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, diabetes and celiac disease at level of intestinal mucosa.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic representation of CeD (left) and healthy (right) enterocytes with a description of the role of PTPRK in the regulation of the EGF pathway. In CeD enterocytes, with respect to healthy enterocytes, the downregulation of PTPRK leads to the upregulation of EGFR, and MAP-kinase signalling is always switched ON, increasing proliferation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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